The TKDN (Domestic Component Level) assessment of goods and services is a method to determine local manufacturers/industrie’s capability to create quality products internationally standardized. This study assessed the salt factory's TKDN to increase the NaCl content, based on cost-based analysis stipulated at the Minister Industry Regulation No.16/M-IND/PER/2/2011. Meanwhile, the TKDN of salt production was assessed based on process-based analysis stipulated in Minister Industry Regulation No.16/2020. According to the cost-based analysis results, the goods and services at the pilot project stage had the TKDN value of 27.4%. However, due to an increase in the number of main domestic components at the commercial stage, this value increased to 70.9%. Meanwhile, according to the processed-based analysis results, the salt production had the same processes at the pilot project stage and commercial stages. The TKDN value of 85.5% was obtained for the two stages. The value is relatively high because the raw material is produced locally with the local labor and used work tools owned by the local industry. The cost-based analysis was found to be highly dependent on the equipment component’s origin, while the process-based analysis depends on the origin of labor, works tool, and material owner. Keywords: domestic component level; process-based analysis; cost-based analysis; salt factory; salt product.

Pemanfaatan limbah tandan kosong sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit listrik merupakan salah satu pilihan Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (PKS) dalam usaha penanggulangan limbah tandan kosong. Limbah tandan kosong saat ini belum banyak dimanfaatkan karena beberapa pilihan untuk pemanfaatan seperti penggunaan untuk bahan baku pupuk dan kompos sudah dilaksanakan akan tetapi hasilnya tidak efektif, terutama dalam pengolahan tandan kosong dalam jumlah besar. Jumlah Pembangkit Listrik Berbahan Bakar Limbah Biomasa Sawit yang menggunakan bahan bakar tandan kosong tidak banyak di Indonesia. Makalah ini menjelaskan secara teknis dan keekonomian pemanfaatan limbah tandan kosong di PKS Pinang Tinggi, Sei Bahar, Propinsi Jambi, untuk pembangkit listrik. Listrik di jual ke PT PLN (Persero). Kelayakan keekonomian sangat rendah jika pendapatan tambahan dari penjualan remnant oil, abu sisa pembakaran dan penjualan kredit karbon tidak dimasukkan sebagai pendapatan. Ketiga pendapatan tambahan dapat meningkatkan IRR proyek dari 2,03% menjadi 15,12%. Besarnya nilai investasi dan harga jual listrik sangat menentukan sensivitas keekonomian proyek. Kata Kunci: pabrik kelapa sawit, tandan kosong, cangkang, gas rumah kaca, kredit karbon.

The methodology of calculation for emission factor for grid connection is determined by IPCCC Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change). The methodology is revised periodically,and become comprehensive calculation. Mainly in developed countries, the emission factor is provided by government related institution yearly. Therefore the developers who need that value can get easily, and they can save a time and money in the developing Clean Development Mechanism Project. In Indonesia, until now there is no government institution or other related institutions that have an obligation to provide and calculate that number.PTPSE-BPPT has initiated to calculate the emission factor of grid system of Jawa-Madura-Bali using data between 2002 and 2006. The Approved Consolidated Methodology 0002 and Approved Methodology Simple I-D were used in the calculation. Based on the calculationresult, it was proved that the emission factor of JAMALI grid increased 18.2%, resulted to coal consumption increased. The value of this emission factor has been adopted by Directorate General Electricity and energy Utilization and recognized by Indonesian Designated National Authority, as a National Number of emission factor in JAMALI in 2008.Keywords : faktor emisi, emisi karbon, sistem JAMALI, pembangkit listrik,Clean Development Mechanism,

This study was conducted by collaboration between BPPT, Chugoku Electric Power, and PT Indonesia Power and funded by GEC (Japan-Geo Environment Center). The study was started on August 2005, and finished on September 2006. The purpose of the study was to explore the unutilized potentials micro hydro power plants (MHPP) in Banjarcahyana irrigation channel. These sites are located at south eastern of Banjarnegara city. Development of these MHPP will be planned put into Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), therefore operation of these power generation would be calculated to reduce global warming effects. According to the study result, it was found eight locations having potential to build as MHPP. The development of the project economically feasible estimated could reduce 17,252 t-CO2 of Green House Gas Effect annually. This study also provides new emission coefficient factor for electricity grid system of Jawa Bali Madura (JAMALI).

Biomass co-firing technology for coal power plants has been widely applied in developed countries. The government of Indonesia is currently encouraging the implementation of biomass co-firing to achieve the target of 23% new and renewable energy (NRE) share in the national energy mix by 2025. Although only a few technical issues are left on the implementation of biomass co-firing in coal power plants, the challenges for the large-scale application and the long-term sustainability of the technology still need to be investigated. To identify and overcome these challenges, this paper applies the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal (PESTEL) framework to analyze the business prospects for biomass co-firing for coal power plants. There is potential for biomass co-firing in 114 units of coal power plants with a total capacity of 18.1 GW spread across various locations in Indonesia. As a consequence, it requires around 9 million tons of biomass per year. This huge potential market of biomass opens opportunities for people to participate in supplying the raw materials. The biomass market as co-firing fuels will push agricultural and industrial waste management to be used more efficiently. The biomass supply chain needs to be well developed so that the biomass supply can be sustainable at an economically feasible price, to ensure that electricity prices generated from utilities are affordable for the public. The technical specifications for biomass need to be standardized. The 10% co-firing acceleration of the total coal power plant capacity, or equivalent to around 1.81 GW, can directly contribute to the achievement of the NRE target for the electricity sector and simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The government needs to prepare related supporting instruments such as technical regulations, technological and economic aspects, and policy support.