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Most new concepts both in the Russian and English languages are expressed using phrases or compound words, because such complex words make it possible to represent a particular concept with completeness and accuracy. But multicomponent terms—complex words and phrases—are cumbersome; therefore, there is a need to abbreviate them in one way or another. In some cases this leads to the use of short versions of the term in the form of only one main component, while in others, various types of abbreviations are used, which can save time. However, their imprecise or incorrect translation can change or confuse the intended meaning. The paper discusses the differences in using abbreviations and acronyms in British and American scientific texts, as well as difficulties of their translation and optimal strategies of interlanguage adaptation. The investigation is performed using various research techniques, including a comparative method, a continuous sampling method, semantic structure analysis, and contextual analysis. It is shown that the existing modern classifications of abbreviations greatly differ in linguistic scientific literature and lexical units are abbreviated using various methods. It is found that there exist various traditions of their usage in scientific and technical texts. It is demonstrated that various standards for introducing, spelling, and punctuating abbreviations and acronyms in British and American scientific journals pose additional difficulties in the work of a translator in the field of science and technology, provokes translation errors and requires the use of normalization and explication as the main strategies for their translation. The paper may be of interest for those who translate scientific texts for British and American readership.

The purpose of this article is to study the possible impact of metaverses on the parties of labour relations in the future. Metaverses are permanent virtual spaces where users can relax, work and receive services. The development of digital technologies, primarily VR/AR technologies, contributes to the creation of metaverses. The activities of global IT giants such as Facebook and Microsoft make us think about how the increase in human presence in virtual reality will affect the world of work. Legal regulation will need to be adapted accordingly if the relationship between employers and workers changes. To understand the problem, it is necessary to find out how the metaverse will differ from modern digital platforms, how large will be the proportion of workers who will take virtual jobs in the metaverses in relation to the total number of workers. The results of the study allow us to conclude that with the further digitalization of the world economy, it is very likely that metaverses will become a familiar working environment for most workers in the near future. In this regard, the presence of artificial intelligence in the world of work will increase, since the 3D digital environment is a space in which there are even more opportunities for artificial intelligence systems than in physical reality. Employers will use artificial intelligence to algorithmize management processes, which will increase the economic efficiency of activities. Working in the metaverse will become part of the digital society, and having the skills to quickly adapt to such work is one of the conditions important for survival in the world of the future.

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