This article analyzes the production and use of affordable medical sorbents in the Russian and international markets. The analysis showed that there is a shortage of production of cheap specific activated carbon in Russia, due to insufficient expansion of the range. Today, the price of coal tends to increase, so many manufacturers are puzzled by the creation of an effective system for processing coal. It was suggested to use burnt charcoal from various types of wood, since it is one of the optimal types of sorbents, taking into account the economic aspect and the naturalness of the raw materials used for the production of activated carbon. An efficient and simple method of processing burnt coal-pyrolysis-was also proposed. Verification of the model's adequacy to the real process was performed by comparing the results of experimental studies with the results of theoretical calculations. The basic kinetic and thermophysical equations that are used today to study the kinetics of pyrolysis of activated carbon are studied. To find out whether a change in pressure can affect the course of the pyrolysis process, an experimental setup was developed and a series of experiments were conducted. Wood samples were used for experiments. 25x25x25 mm and humidity 10%. The volume of one-time loading was 50 g. The operating pressure in the pyrolysis chamber was recorded by a pressure gauge and set using ejector pumps (pressure reducers), whose performance was regulated and was 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 kPa, or a nitrogen cylinder (pressure increase) to the absolute pressure values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 kPa.A comparative analysis of mathematical calculations and a number of experimental data conducted on warty birch was also carried out. A mathematical model of the wood pyrolysis process is proposed, which takes into account pre-drying, kinetics, the amount of volatile products released, and cooling of the finished charcoal.

In this work we investigated the possibility of using different structures of biocides to detect the stability of dispersion and the antibacterial properties of polyurethane water-dispersion coatings to combat the negative impact on materials, bio-damage, which can affect the quality of the human environment. This allows the use of polyurethane aqueous dispersions, where the constancy of aseptic conditions of quality is combined with good properties of polyurethane coatings. The oasheaters have been used in the first year of the 19th century to reduce the number of people. Coatings used dispe6rsionnye water-based polyurethane dispe6rsii complex poliefrov different structure (polietilenglikoladipinat, polietilenbutilenglikoladipinat, and polibutilenglikoladipinat polidietilenglikoladipinat) 2,4-diisocyanate, ionic agent and chain extenders, at a concentration of dry matter of 20-50% by weight. One of the most commonly used methods for determining the activity of antimicrobial agents is the method of diffusion of substances into agar. Evaluation of the activity of antimicrobial agents by this method is carried out according to the diameter of the zone of inhibition of growth of microorganisms (Escherichia Colli and Bacillus subtilis) on the surface of the substrate. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the actions of the used antimicrobial agents can be arranged in the following order: alkyltrimethylammonium chloride > didecyldimethylammonium chloride > dialkyldimethylammonium chloride. Maximum concentrations of biocides were found at which polyurethane dispersions are stable and do not coagulate: for quaternary amine compounds with one alkyl, the maximum permissible concentration is 10%, with dialkyl the maximum permissible concentration is 7.5%, with trialkyl the maximum permissible concentration is 3%. The increase in the diameter of the suppression of the growth of microorganisms is also influenced by the concentration of the polyurethane dispersion, which makes it possible to introduce antibacterial compounds much more.

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The increasing of pulp yield in cooking process is very important for pulppaper industry. The modified kraft cooking, such as polisulfide process, is one of the directions in increasing of pulp yield.We have developed and patented in Russia the method and the devise for its realition. This method is founded on influence of electric spark discharge, in form of highfrequency pulses, on white liquor or lixivium, which contains a wood-pulp material. Current pulse was .generated by low inductance capacitor bank. Current amplitude has the order 30k.4, periode -2Omks. The spark was initiated in liquor. The influence of single pulse or pulse series has been studiedWe have noticed variation of composition of liquor cooking in high-frequency pulse treatment. We have noticed in process of treatment an increasing of NaOH, decreasing of H2S, variations in containing Na2S203 and Na2SOI with polisulfide generation.Cooking of several types of wood cheeps with solutions which had been treated of high-frequency current pulses, shows an increase of pulp yield in a range of 0,9 -2,7% (as to control).