Background and Objectives: To analyze histopathological changes and degree of damage to the axillary tissue due to single-and double-pass irradiation therapy using a microwave energy-based device. Study Design/Materials and Methods: We included 15 axillary hyperhidrosis and axillary osmidrosis patients who received microwave irradiation therapy between March 2017 and March 2019. Ten patients underwent single-pass irradiation and five underwent double-pass irradiation, after which skin samples were collected from the right and left axillae for pathological analysis. Samples were taken in a consistent manner from Patient 6 onwards and a comparative study of five single-pass and five double-pass patients was conducted (n = 10). Results: Histopathological analysis showed destruction and fibrosis in addition to necrosis and damage to the adipose tissue in apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. In the superficial microvasculature, blood vessel wall damage and thrombus formation were observed as well as damage in the hair follicles and hair bulbs. No obvious damage was observed in the epidermis and nerves. The amount of damage to sweat glands was higher in patients undergoing double-pass instead of single-pass irradiation. Conclusion: From a histopathological point of view, microwave energy-based irradiation therapy can be considered efficient, as there was no damage to epidermis and nerves and favorable destruction of apocrine and eccrine glands. As the amount of damaged sweat glands was higher after double-pass irradiation, it can be considered more effective than single-pass irradiation. Lasers Surg. Med.

Rubber band syndrome is a relatively rare disease in which a rubber band around a limb becomes embedded under the skin, resulting in tissue damage. Most reported cases are in children, and its occurrence in adults is considered extremely rare. We present a case of a 71-year-old patient with cognitive impairment, in whom a rubber band around the wrist became embedded under the skin. The examination of the distinctive circumferential scar, ultrasonography, x-ray, and magnetic resonance imaging led to the diagnosis of rubber band syndrome. To avoid further damage to the tissue, surgical removal of the band was conducted. When elderly patients with cognitive impairment present with chief complaints of swelling and contracture in the limbs due to an unknown cause, accompanied by a circumferential scar on the affected limb, rubber band syndrome should be considered. Due to risk of deep tissue necrosis, prompt band removal is necessary.

Objective: Caudal septal deviation (CSD) correction during septorhinoplasty is challenging, and various surgical modifications and evaluations remain controversial. This study aimed to introduce an objective evaluation method based on computed tomography (CT) images to measure the effectiveness of septorhinoplasty for CSD treatment. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed preoperative and postoperative CT images of patients who had undergone functional open septorhinoplasty by the plastic surgery and otorhinolaryngology teams between January and September 2019. Using OsiriX Lite (Pixmeo, Switzerland), CSD was calculated as the distance between the septum midline and palatal plane. Deformation was categorized as C-shaped unilateral or S-shaped bilateral deviations. The change in the distance between preoperative and postoperative images was considered because of surgical intervention. Results: Twenty patients (mean age, 35 years; 13 males [65%], 7 females [35%]) were included. The median deviation was 3.01 mm (range, 0.45-7.34 mm) preoperatively and 1.6 mm (range, 0.5-2.86 mm) postoperatively, indicating a reduction of 1.26 mm (median, P < 0.05) due to surgical intervention. C-and S-shaped deviations were seen preoperatively in 9 (45%) and 11 (55%) patients and postoperatively in 6 (30%) and 14 (70%) patients, respectively. The mean ± SD time of analysis was 7 ± 2.1 minutes. Conclusions: Caudal septal deviation showed significant changes from preoperative to postoperative CT images, based on the distance between the actual septum midline and the constructed straight septum. This allowed effective evaluation of surgical efficacy for septum straightening. Although additional studies are needed, this method allows clearer stratification of surgical outcomes.