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Commercial sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonates widely used in detergent compositions are obtained by alkylating benzene "with polypropylene averaging about the tetramer, sulfonating the alkylaryl hydrocarbon with sulfuric acid, oleum, or sulfur trioxide and neutralizing the sulfonic acid mix with sodium hydroxide. The side chain structure of the hydrocarbon and the distribution of the possible sulfonate isomers are essentially unknown.Although long chain phenylalkanes of known structure have been synthesized and sulfonated, the possibility of ring isomerism in the sulfonate and its effect on the surface active characteristics have not been previously considered. The objective of the present series of investigations is to synthesize phenylalkanes by unequivocal means, sulfonate these hydrocarbons, isolate the sulfonate isomers and examine their physical and chemical properties. This paper reports the preparation and sulfonation of 1-phenyloctane, 1-phenyldodecane, 2-phenyltridecane, and 5-phenyldodecane. The surface active properties of detergency, foam, wetting and surface tension of the isolated ortho and para sulfonates have been studied in order to obtain a measure of the effect of the differences between these isomers in relation to the position of the phenyl group in the long aliphatic chain.The synthesis of 1-phenyloctane and 1-phenyldodecane by the following sequence of reactions gave the desired products in good yield:

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Summary The anhydrides of decanoic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids have been prepared in better than 90% yields through the corresponding acid chlorides with acetic anhydride. Oleic anhydride could only be prepared satisfactorily when oleoyl chloride was prepared, in turn, with oxalyl chloride. A comparison has been made of the various synthetic methods.