The realities of modern Ukrainian's life at this historical moment of the struggle for independence in the conditions of social tension are quite complex and uncertain. Ukrainians are losing not only their material wealth, but life and personal values are changing in their minds. Everything that was important a year or two ago is not a priority now. The change of values, the search for a new meaning of life is one of the main fundamental principles of the modern Ukrainians' life. The main social task for every citizen is social and personal self-determination, as well as the active formation of a new worldview. Each individual is capable of realizing the value of his own life, as well as the lives of the people around him, based on his own worldview and his place in society. The formation of a person's ideas about values and value orientations presupposes their understanding and filling with specific content. The formation of values among modern Ukrainian youth occurs due to their connection with the outside world, the variety of social relations in which they are, and due to the knowledge of their own experiences. The main research methods: observation, survey, statistical analysis. The article emphasizes the identification of changes in personal values and value orientations of the youth of Ukraine. The main results of the research give reasons for asserting that the phenomenon of searching for life and personal values by a young person is one of the priority areas of scientific research. Due to the search, determination of the main and reshaping of the established value orientations of the modern youth of Ukraine, the worldview and meaning of life are changing. It is safe to say that such changes will help build own life path as a holistic process, as well as make one's abilities and opportunities of the environment as much as possible in solving life problems and achieving important goals. The author's interpretation of the terms "life values", "personal values", "value orientations of Ukrainian youth" is proposed.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar y probar experimentalmente la efectividad de un conjunto de condiciones pedagógicas para construir la competencia autodidacta de los futuros especialistas de la carrera de pedagogía. Los métodos empleados consistieron en: análisis, síntesis, cuestionario encuesta, simulación y métodos de estadística matemática Los indicadores que describen la competencia autodidacta de los alumnos del grupo experimental fueron significativamente superiores a los de los alumnos del grupo control. Los estudiantes del grupo experimental discutieron más activamente temas de autoaprendizaje, elaboraron mejor un plan para resolver una situación profesional problemática planteada por el docente, tuvieron mayores indicadores de motivación y autoeficacia. Estos resultados fueron promovidos por la diferenciación de la motivación que los profesores utilizaron en el experimento. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ser utilizados para mejorar las calificaciones pedagógicas de los docentes, así como para mejorar la calidad de la formación de estudiantes de diferentes carreras en el estudio de materias profesionales. Por ende, las perspectivas de futuras investigaciones incluyen probar el impacto de las herramientas desarrolladas en el desarrollo de la competencia autodidacta de los estudiantes de carreras médicas, técnicas y económicas.

The article presents an analysis of the problem of mastering morphology and word formation in children in neuroscience, biology and linguistics, identifies motivational mechanisms that contribute to learning experience, namely: joyful, meaningful, active, motivational and social - in mastering morphology and word formation in children. From a neuroscientific point of view, these features can contribute to the acquisition of skills and contribute to the mastery of morphology and word formation in children. Models that describe the work of children's brains in mastering the morphological and lexical skills in them, expand the understanding of the probable mechanisms inherent in the human brain. In addition, studies of the cerebral cortex show that the brain of children is more vulnerable and sensitive to environmental influences, to the acquisition of knowledge than the brain of adults. With this in mind, the available scientific literature on the topic has been studied and (in most cases) the question of how each function can influence children's learning to master the basics of morphology and word formation has been studied. The importance of studying the research topic is due to the difficulties that arise in children when mastering morphology and word formation at different ages.

The research focuses on the philosophical aspects of children's play. The aim of the study is to analyze modern approaches to the classification and development of preschoolers` play activities, the negative phenomena of dysontogenesis and reduction of play. The authors analyzed the results of a survey of undergraduate students in specialty Preschool Education and their relatives about children's memories of the play, game situations and the impact of play competence (or lack of it) on adult life.Basic research methods are interview, surveys, statistical analysis.The main results of the study give grounds to claim that play is not the only leading activity of a senior preschooler. Even accepting the concept of "leading" and "non-leading" activities, it turns out that children's experimentation during preschool takes no less "leading" position than play. This fact radically changes the perception of conditions, goals and values in the organization of children's lives.The author's team proved that the dysontogenesis of play and non-acceptance of children's experimentation in preschool age leads to further distortion of the trajectory of development. The author's interpretation of the terms "play reduction", "play dysontogenesis", "amplification" and "simplification" of children's play is proposed.

The article actualizes the problems of grammatically correct speech formation in preschool children. The conditional standard of norm of mastering by the child of preschool age of a native language is revealed.With the help of longitudinal and scientific research of well-known Ukrainian and foreign authors on the formation of grammatically correct speech in preschool children, which cover all ages and the whole grammatical structure of speech (morphology, word formation, syntax) the current results and valuable experience of the process of speech formation of children of early and preschool age are highlighted. The appropriate use of the term «genesis» of the grammatical structure of the language of a preschool child is proposed, which refers to the appearance, development and formation of this process in children. The so-called «free» or unstimulated speech of preschoolers, depleted in their vocabulary and grammatical forms, is mentioned. The importance of controlling a child's speech by an adult and the use of effective means of stimulating is emphasized. Attention is paid to the problem of formation of grammatical structure of language in preschoolers, which is relevant for adults to understand for the development of children's speech. An attempt is made to generalize the genesis of children's speech and identify stages of speech and speech development of preschool children. The results of the author's researches of children on the material of stimulated and unstimulated speech on the example of adjective adverbs are demonstrated. The importance of further study of the functional aspect of the formation of grammatically correct speech and the disclosure of language and speech potentials of children is emphasized.