In the conditions of climate change, the existing technologies for winter grain crops growing need constant improvement. Development of the leaf surface and its longest preservation is the main vector of any technology for growing winter wheat, and this issue is especially important in unstable weather conditions. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of multicomponent and multidirectional seed treaters on the state of pigment complex in the leaves of plants of different winter wheat varieties and its productivity during the growing season. When studying pigment complex in the leaves of winter wheat plants in the vegetative period of development this indicator for Antonivka variety was s fund to be 7.17 mg/g of dry matter, and for Shestopalivka variety – 8.04 mg/g of dry matter on average for the variants. The generative period was noted to have an increase in chlorophyll content for both varieties - it was 8.19 mg/g of dry matter for Antonivka and 8.22 mg/g of dry matter for Shestopalivka variety, which is 14.2 % and 2.2 % more than in vegetative period. The productivity of chlorophylls in the vegetative period of plants growth and development averaged 5.14 mg of dry matter/mg of chlorophyll per day for Antonivka, which is 28.4 % more than in Shestopalivka variety (3.69 mg of dry matter/ mg of chlorophyll) per day). With the beginning of the generative period, Shestopalivka variety was noted to have a more stable pigment complex, which is confrmed by a double increase in chlorophylls productivity compared to the previous period. Thus, the increase in chlorophyll content, depending on the pre-sowing treatment with the preparations, is more active in Antonivka variety, but the quantitative index is dominated by Shestopalivka variety. In arid climates, moderate formation of pigments and preservation of their productivity stabilizes grain maturation process, which was noted for both varieties treated with Lamardor and Lamardor plus Gaucho. Key words: chlorophyll, winter wheat, seed treater, pigment productivity.

The paper depicts the study of mineral nitrogen and pre-sowing seeds bacteryzation on the development of nitrogen fixing bacteria and the activity of autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification. It was revealed that nitrification activity in the root zone of winter rye plants rises together with the increase of mineral nitrogen doses. Heterotrophic nitrification plays a significant role in the formation of nitrate pool in the root zone, especially during the early stages of plants organogenesis. Application of the microbial preparation Diazobakteryn had enhanced the activity autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification processes in the rhizosphere soil of plants in the spring, during the early stages of their development while during the next organogenesis phases the reduction of nitrification processes was observed. In plants-free soil the contribution of heterotrophic nitrification to biological transformation of nitrogen was negligible.

No abstract

The results of researching the fund formation of dry soluble substances, sugars, and titrated acids in cherry fruits of 10 studied varieties under the Southern Steppe Subzone of Ukraine are given. According to the content of biochemical quality indicators, the following varieties were selected: Modnytsya (the content of dry soluble substances is 17.1%), Ozhidaniye (the content of sugars is 11.7%), and Solidarnost (the content of titrated acids is 1.79%). The cherry fruits units. By conducting a two-factor dispersion analysis, the feasibility of forecasting the content of the principal components of the chemical composition (dry soluble substances, sugars, titrated acids) in the cherry fruits was determined by average values and a factor that maximally impacts the accumulation of the studied indicators was identified during the studies. The dominant influence of weather conditions during research years was determined. Therefore, the taste qualities of the cherry fruits were proposed to forecast by average varietal value. The average and strong correlation dependences of influencing 19 weather factors on the content of the studied biochemical indicators in the cherry fruits were determined. The accumulation dependence models of dry soluble substances, sugars, and titrated acids were built based on the principal component and least-squares methods. The first-rank weather indicators with the maximum influence particles were identified for the studied biochemical quality indicators. The average monthly air temperature in June maximally impacted the fund accumulation of dry soluble substances in the cherry fruits (delta = 9.9%), the content of sugars - the average monthly precipitation in June (delta = 8.5%), on the content of titrated acids - the total number of precipitation days in June (delta = 18.62%). At the end of the flowering phase before fruit ripening and in the last month of fruit formation, humidity indicators had the greatest influence on the accumulation of the studied biochemical indicators in the cherry fruits (June).of Melitopol purpura and Modnytsya have maximum indicators of the sugar-acid index in the range of 8.9-9.3 relative

Aim. To determine physiologically expedient rates of mineral nitrogen in winter rye production on sod-podzol- ic soils based on the orientation of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the plants rhizosphere. Methods. Field studies, gas chromatography determination of potential nitrogen fi xation activity and potential emissions of N 2 O. Results. The results obtained have demonstrated that the rates of mineral nitrogen, not ex- ceeding 60 kg/ha, can be considered physiologically expedient for winter rye production on sod-podzolic soils. Under the application of microbial preparation Diazobakteryn, there is a higher physiological need of plants for nitrogen, which allows increasing the rates of nitrogen fertilizers up to 90 kg/ha. Conclusions. The orienta- tion of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the root zone of plants is a reliable indicator of determining the appropriateness of nitrogen fertilization of crops.