Socioeconomic inequality in oral health is an important measure of progress in overall population health and a key input to inform health policies. This analysis shows the presence of socioeconomic inequality in oral health in the American child population, as well as changes in its magnitude over time. Further research is needed to determine the factors related to these changes and their relative contribution to inequality trends.

Regimens of caries prevention have been successful in reducing dental decay for a large segment of the US population, yet this disease remains prevalent especially among low socioeconomic groups. The oral health status of the children and the oral health KOP of the parents in this community are disturbingly deficient.

Objective This study investigated the role of self‐perceived oral health and normative need on dental services utilization by US adults aged ≥30 years from the 2011‐2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Data on 5,806 dentate adult NHANES participants were analyzed. Key independent variables were self‐perceived oral health and normative need assessed by a dentist. The dependent variable was dental visit within the past 12 months. Select sociodemographic variables were adjusted for in logistic regression models using SAS survey procedures. Results Overall, 33.8 percent of adults did not have a dental visit in the past 12 months. About 26.9 percent reported they were unsatisfied with their oral health and 53.4 percent needed to seek care. Individuals unsatisfied with their oral health were less likely to have a dental visit in the past 12 months compared to those who were satisfied with their oral health (57 versus 25 percent). Overall, participants who were unsatisfied with their oral health received a recommendation to seek care. These participants had more normative needs and were less likely to have a dental visit in the past 12 months; however, this relationship varied by race/ethnicity. For Asian‐Americans, there was no association between those unsatisfied with their oral health and dental visits. Also, there was no association across all race/ethnicities between number of teeth present and dental visits. Conclusion Both self‐perceived oral health and normative need are associated with dental utilization. Results will contribute to health policy discussions and program development that aim to improve oral health status in the United States.

The implementation of such a community participatory approach was feasible and useful for building upon existing local resources and addressing oral health concerns in a community not reached by traditional dental care and health promotion initiatives. Individuals in this community showed a substantial interest in oral health matters and participated in a variety of oral health prevention activities. The community approach adhered to community-based research principles.

Este trabajo, desarrollo parcial de una reflexión más amplia sobre la problemática del urbanismo en el medio rural, se centra en la edificación de viviendas en Suelo No Urbanizable (SNU), en los municipios que carecen de una figura de planeamiento capaz de abordar este problema. Por ello, se han seleccionado las 5 CCAA (Aragón, Castilla La Mancha, Castilla León, Extremadura y La Rioja) donde esta cuestión es más relevante, en las cuales se revisa toda la normativa estatal y autonómica vigente, así como las correspondientes 19 Normas Subsidiarias Provinciales (NSP).En una triple articulación de escalas concatenadas (normativa estatal, autonómica, y NSP) se analizan los siguientes aspectos: el carácter del SNU y las medidas para evitar su urbanización mediante la prevención de las parcelaciones urbanísticas y las normas sobre segregación de fincas rústicas; las condiciones y el procedimiento de autorización de la vivienda unifamiliar aislada; y el concepto de núcleo de población a efectos evitar su formación. Este análisis se completa también con la revisión de las condiciones y parámetros de regulación de la edificación y la parcelación para viviendas aisladas en SNU.A la luz de todo ello, se concluye con una reflexión crítica sobre el concepto de núcleo de población y su relación con la autorización de viviendas en SNU.Abstract: This research, partial development of a more wide reflection on the problematics of urbanism in rural areas, focuses on the construction of detached housing in land classified as non-suitable for urban development (SNU), in municipalities that lack urban plans capable of addressing this problem. For this reason, the have been selected the 5 Autonomous Communities (Aragón, Castilla La Mancha, Castilla León, Extremadura and La Rioja), where this issue is more relevant, in which it is reviewed all state, regional and provincial (NSP) regulations in force.In a triple articulation of concatenated scales (state, regions, and provinces’ regulations), the following aspects are analysed: the character of the land classified as non-suitable for urban development, the measures to avoid its urbanization and the rules on segregation of rural properties; the conditions and the authorization procedure of detached single houses; and the concept of “new population nucleus” in order to avoid its creation. This analysis is also completed with the review of the building regulations and the conditions for the subdivision of rural plots.In light of all this, we conclude with a critical reflection on the concept of population nucleus in relation to the authorization of single detached houses in rural plots.