Background: It is difficult to explain ectopic thyroid beneath the diaphragm because during the development the thyroid descends from the tongue to the anterior of the trachea. A few cases of ectopic lesions have been reported in the literature for abdominal organs including the adrenal glands, but the mechanism by which the thyroid components migrate into the abdomen has been poorly understood.

Schwannoma in the retroperitoneal space is rare, and it is extremely rare in patients with no history of neurofibromatosis. We present a case of giant retroperitoneal schwannoma in a 52-year-old man who did not have neurofibromatosis. Because malignant transformation would be extremely rare in this circumstance, close imaging follow-up could avert the necessity for complete resection. The possibility of schwannoma should be considered when evaluating retroperitoneal tumors with the characteristic findings, even if there is no connection between the tumor and the intervertebral foramina.

Bone is one of the organs to which cancer metastasizes most frequently. However, it is not a vital organ, therefore, survival after the occurrence of osseous metastasis is relatively favorable. Improvements of medical treatment bring prolonged survival to patients with osseous metastases. But this makes us to recognize the importance of quality of life (QOL) due to several factors, including pain. It is important for oncologists to know how to deal with such painful osseous metastases, as pain relief may enable patients to live their remaining lives to the fullest. Strontium-89 (89Sr) has been used worldwide as in Japan, while being reported to have positive effects on pain relief and QOL improvement in patients with osseous metastases. This review paper is aimed to present not only the history, roles, and medical characters of 89Sr, but also new aspects, such as how to use bone turnover markers, which location of osseous metastases is suitable for effective use of 89Sr.

Sr-89 has the potential to control PSA and prolong survival. A large-scale prospective study of the therapeutic effect of Sr-89 is expected.

We report a case of an 85-year-old man with a doughnut-shaped basal cell carcinoma around the base of the penis invading the cavernosum urethra. In cases in which curative resection is planned, the penis is resected, cystostomy is performed, and postoperative self-management is required. In line with the patient's wishes and the fact that he was an elderly person living alone without family support, we decided to perform penis-conserving surgery. Relapse occurred once, for which additional resection was conducted. Two years after the resection, there was no evidence of tumor recurrence. The therapeutic plan for elderly patients should be modified after considering the patient's social background, wishes, activity and life expectancy.