Abstract. All the current r-process scenarios relevant to core-collapse supernovae are facing severe difficulties. In particular, recent core-collapse simulations with neutrino transport show no sign of a neutron-rich wind from the proto-neutron star. In this paper, we discuss nucleosynthesis of the r-process in an alternative astrophysical site, "black hole winds", which are the neutrino-driven outflow from the accretion torus around a black hole. This condition is assumed to be realized in double neutron star mergers, neutron star -black hole mergers, or hypernovae.

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Neutrino self refraction is the process by which neutrino-neutrino interactions in a sufficiently dense neutrino gas alters the neutrino flavor oscillations in a way which is similar to the well known MSW effect. Such high neutrino densities are believed to exist in the Early Universe and in core collapse supernovae. Since neutrinos control n/p ratio which is a key

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