Water is an important natural resource on the surface of earth. Approximately 70% of the water is utilized in the agricultural sectors. Yamuna River having a total drainage area of 366,220 sq Kilometer's is now highly prone to pollution causing a major threat to the water quality. The present investigation was carried at Sam Higginbottom University of agriculture technology and sciences in the department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry lab. In this study, a total of 24 water samples were collected on 01 November 2020 in Chaka block of Prayagraj district and from each village 3 water samples were collected and analyzed for their primary and secondary irrigation water quality parameters by using standard laboratory techniques. Through this, the results stated that pH is in the range of 6.22-7.34 with mean valve 6.74, EC in the range of 0.61-1.13 dS m -1 with mean valve 0.83, and Irrigation water quality index was in the range of 107.6-177.8, where 100% of the water samples are in poor condition. These analyses concluded that still, improvement has to be done to improve irrigation water quality. Keywords: Irrigation water quality, Chaka block, Yamuna and water quality index main source of water come from surface water which is now under environment stress due to development of infrastructures, industrial extant, agricultural activities. Sufficient amount of water quality is necessary to supply water for agricultural land. Water quality differ from place to place, with the climate factors, with the environmental variations and types of soil and rocks along which it moves. Water from rain moves through the ground, the water dissolve minerals in rocks and soil, but commonly dissolved substance in water are salts or minerals, are referred as dissolved solids include common constituents and plant constituents (Gail, 2014) [4] . Rivers are precious elements of mother nature. Rivers play major role in integrating and organizing the landscape (Das, 2018) [6] . Yamuna originates Yamunotri Glacier of Uttar Kashi in Uttar Pradesh. The Yamuna River is one of the important rivers of India. It is the second largest tributary of the river Ganga. It has four main tributaries in the Himalayan region: Rishi Ganga, Hanuman Ganga, Tons and Giri (Upadhyay, 2013). It flows through the states of Delhi, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh were merges with the Ganga at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj district. The total Length around 1,370 kilometers with a total drainage of 366,220 sq kilometers. In the world, Yamuna is the polluted river, where about 22 discharge drains waste water are released in water (Misra, 2010) [10] . Approximately 57 million people are depending on the river for their basic needs. Irrigation is an important use of Yamuna river water. In the entire Yamuna basin about 12.3 million hectares are irrigated lands and approximately 49% of land is irrigated from surface water (CPCB, 2006) [5] . The concentration and composition of soluble salts in water determines Irrigation water quality (Zaman, 2018) [11] . Water quality des...

The present investigation was carried at Sam Higginbottom university of Agriculture Technology and Sciences in the department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry lab. In this study, a total of 24 soil samples were collected from eight different villages on 01 November 2020 in Chaka block of Prayagraj district and from each village 3 soil samples were collected and analyzed for their Physico-chemical parameters by using standard laboratory techniques. According to the critical limits of soil nutrients the results observed, 70 to 80% soil samples were in low to medium range for  Nitrogen (N) (51-648 kg ha-1), Phosphorus (P) (0 – 48 kg ha-1) and Potassium (K) (78.4 – 392 kg ha-1). The micro-nutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu) of soil samples are observed deficiency range due to inverse relationship with pH i.e., increase in pH causes reduction in availability of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu. According to the Nutrient Index Values,   Chaka block was found to be medium category for Organic carbon (2.25), Nitrogen (1.70), Phosphorous (2.29), and Manganese (1.70). Low category was found in Potassium (1.37), Sulphur (1.29), Zinc (1.08) and Iron (1.41). High category was found in Copper (2.66). The results showed that  improvement has to be done for improving soil fertility and quality by practicing the improving cropping pattern, decomposition of organic waste, mulching and tillage practices.

Integrated nutrient management (INM) is a holistic approach that involves the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers to improve soil health and crop productivity. The research study was conducted to demonstrate the effective use of INM on soil health in Green gram. We used a randomized block design (RBD) with four levels of poultry manure @ 0, 50, 75 and 100% ha-1, four levels of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium@ 0, 50, 75 and 100% ha-1 and rhizobium seed treatment. The revealed that treatment T9 (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + PM @ 5 t ha-1 and Rhi @ 200g 10 kg-1 Seed) resulted in a slight change in soil pH 6.82, electrical conductivity (EC) 0.198 dS m-1. In post-harvest soil of fertilizers observations showed significant increase in pore space 49.20 %, water holding capacity 47.59 %, organic carbon 0.49 %, and available N 334.23 kg ha-1, P 34.58 kg ha-1, K 202.83 kg ha-1. The increase in NPK was found to be significant (P<0.05) among other treatments in Green gram cultivation and soil quality improvement. The application of N P K with poultry manure was a magnificent source of fertilization.

An experiment was conducted on Influence of different level of N P K and organic manures on soil health, growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) cv. Samrat at the research farm of soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, design laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Green gram was taken for study with recommended doses of fertilizers (N, P2O5 and K2O @ 20, 40 and 20 kg ha-1) was applied with organic manure (FYM, and Vermicompost). A variety of green gram Samrat was taken for a research trial. Bulk density (mg m-3) and Particle density (mg m-3) was maximum in T1 (NPK @ 0% + FYM @ 0% + VC @ 0%). Pore space (%), Water holding capacity (%), pH (1:2) w/v, EC (dS m-1), Organic carbon (%), Nitrogen (kg -1), Phosphorus (kg -1) and Potassium (kg -1) was maximum in T9 (NPK @ 100% + FYM @ 100% + VC @ 100%). In treatment T9 the highest grain yield (15.58 q ha-1) was obtained with C:B ratio of 1:3.26.

In the month of June in three distinct blocks of the Mayurbhanj district, the twenty-seven soil samples were collected from nine different rice-growing areas at three depths and analyzed. In accordance to the findings, the soils were found to have low to medium levels of organic carbon and to be moderately acidic to slightly acidic in nature. All the soil samples were under Non-saline condition of Electrical Conductivity and suitable for crops. The study found that soil pH was the main factor influencing different Phosphorus fractions, with Reductant soluble-P being the mostpredominant fraction, followed by Al-P, Fe-P, Ca-P, and Saloid-P. Al-P, Fe-P, and Ca-P were positively correlated with available Phosphorus, indicating their contribution to the soil's available Phosphorus pool. The study also found that Reductant-soluble phosphate (RS-P) was the dominant fraction that fixed and released P from the soil, proving the fixation of Phosphorus by sesquioxide in lateritic soil of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha.