En México, el crecimiento de la ocupación hotelera es asimétrico. Se analizó el comportamiento de variables turísticas a fin de identificar los determinantes de la ocupación hotelera en principales sitios de sol y playa. Con datos de panel desbalanceado y el estimador FGLS se examinó empíricamente la función de la tasa de ocupación. Corroborando que en los sitios con mayor afluencia y donde los viajeros prolongan más su permanencia, son más proclives a mostrar mejor desempeño en la variable analizada. Sin embargo, los establecimientos de tres y cuatro estrellas contribuyen en mayor medida. En este sentido, las estrategias de crecimiento de la infraestructura hotelera de tres y cuatro estrellas son relevantes debido al aumento en la demanda que han experimentado en el periodo estudiado, siempre y cuando no se desatiendan políticas que consistan en la atracción de consumidores a los hoteles de cinco y dos estrellas.

The social vulnerability approach (SV) establishes that social inequalities and disadvantages have developed beyond monetary poverty in the last few years, since the process is built at different scales. In its objectives, the SV multidimensional measurement is considered to be a priority tool in monitoring the compliance of the first goal: to eliminate poverty in all its forms. Therefore, the objective of this research is to calculate the SV of the fishing communities of the Gulf of Ulloa (GU), Mexico by macro-markers, to subsequently contrast them with field micro-data, and finally to perform a behavior scenario that takes into consideration the current public policies that restrict fishing in such areas. The results showed substantial differences depending on the type of information used (x20.05,8 = 41.53 > 15.51). A corrected contingency coefficient of 0.83 was obtained, indicating that the calculus depends strongly on the data and scale used, and suggesting that macro-data may be masking the true SV values in the area in such a way that they could be severely underestimated. Although the context of micro-scale is not the only one, SV should be calculated to analyze the fishing communities, as coastal fishery represents almost the total livelihood of the inhabitants. Nevertheless, these communities confront numerous local and global threats, and these pressures on SV put their livelihoods, well-being, food security and traditional lifestyles at risk. Therefore, the role of researching human dimensions and governance is not only basic, but also urgent in order to turn to sustainable socioeconomic management.

The social vulnerability approach (SV) has set up that social inequalities and disadvantages have gone beyond monetary poverty in the last years, since the process is built at different scales. In its objectives, the SV multidimensional measurement is contemplated as a priority tool to monitor the compliance of the first goal – eliminate poverty in all its forms. Therefore, the objective of this research is to calculate the SV of the fishing communities of the Gulf of Ulloa (GU), Mexico by macro-markers to subsequently contrast them with field micro-data, and finally perform a behavior scenario, considering the current public policies restrictive to fishing in such areas. The results showed significant differences depending on the type of information used, obtaining a contingency coefficient of 83.42%, which indicates that the calculus depends strongly on the data used and suggesting that macro-data may be masking the true SV values in the area, in such a way they could be severely underestimated. Even though the context at micro-scale is not the only one, SV should be calculated to analyze the fishing communities since coastal fishery represents almost the total livelihood of the inhabitants. Nevertheless, these communities confront numerous local and global threats, and these pressures on SV put their livelihoods, well-being, food security and traditional lifestyle at risk. Therefore, the role of researching human dimensions and governance is not only basic but also urgent to turn to sustainable socioeconomic management.

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