This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of brand experience on consumer satisfaction, brand trust and brand loyalty. It also aims to put forth a model encapsulating the notions of brand experience, consumer satisfaction and brand trust to explain the relationship between these three antecedents of brand loyalty. A face to face survey was used to collect data with the use of interviewers. The population of interest was consumers of four different brands from different product categories. Convenience sampling technique was used to gather data from 1200 respondents. A total of 1102 valid questionnaires were used for analysis where structural equation modelling was used for analysis. Findings revealed that brand experience directly and positively affected consumer satisfaction, brand trust and brand loyalty. In addition, it was found that brand experience had an indirect impact on brand loyalty through both consumer satisfaction and brand trust. More specifically, it was found that the effect of brand experience on consumer satisfaction and brand trust was much more powerful than its direct effect on brand loyalty. On the other hand, in terms of total effects, it was seen that brand experience had a greater effect on brand loyalty by itself than the total effects of consumer satisfaction and brand trust combined. The empirical results indicate that brand experience has a direct effect on consumer turst. This study highlights the direct and indirect effects of brand experience on brand loyalty directly and through the mediating roles of consumer satisfaction and brand trust.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a reliable and valid alternative scale to measure customer-based corporate reputation (CBCR) specific to the banking industry only, where high risks and uncertainties of choosing a service provider exist. Design/methodology/approach Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to develop and validate an alternative scale to measure CBCR in the banking industry. Following Churchill’s (1979) paradigm and other prominent scale development studies, a scale development procedure was generated, which consists of three main stages: scale generation and initial purification, scale refinement and scale validation. Findings As a consequence of the current study, a reliable and valid multidimensional scale was obtained, consisting of 20 items and four dimensions to measure CBCR in banking industry: financial performance and financially strong company, customer orientation, social and environmental responsibility and trust. Practical implications This study provides insight to managers to comprehend and manage their CBCR. Since this study has empirically demonstrated that the four dimensions of the CBCR are associated with the five important customer outcome variables, the study provides further support toward the importance of corporate reputation in strategic marketing decisions in the banking industry. Originality/value Numerous different disciplines have focused on corporate reputation measurement by adapting different perspectives and approaches. However, a reliable and valid measurement tool has been proposed here to evaluate corporate reputation from customers’ perspective specific to banking industry.
Hizmet robotları başta turizm ve konaklama, havayolu, restoran ve bankacılık olmak üzere pek çok hizmet sektöründe kendilerine giderek artan geniş bir kullanım alanı bulmaktadır. Öyle ki çok sayıda araştırmacı ve sektörden uzman, hizmet robotu satışlarında yaşanan büyümeyi ve gelecek yıllarda çeşitli hizmet kuruluşlarının, bazı hizmetlerin robotlar tarafından yerine getirilmesine yönelik istekliliklerini paylaşmaktadır. Tüm bu ifadeler, önümüzdeki yıllarda hizmet müşterileri ve hizmet robotları arasındaki etkileşimlerin sayısının daha da artacağına işaret etmektedir. Diğer taraftan hizmet robotları, hizmet müşterileri ile iletişim kurabilen, onlardan bir şeyler öğrenebilen kısacası sosyal etkileşimde bulunabilen sosyal robotlardır. Bu özellikleri sayesinde müşteri hizmet deneyimi, müşteri tatmini ve müşteri ilişkileri üzerinde etkili olan bir aktör konumuna yükselmişlerdir. Hizmet robotları ile ilgili gelişmekte olan literatür, müşteri tatmininin hizmet robotlarının kabul edilmesine bağlı şekillendiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Dolayısıyla hizmet robotlarının kendisinin, kendilerine yönelik tutumların ve benimsenme süreci üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerin, müşteri tatminini yönetebilmek adına incelenmesi önemlidir. Ancak hizmet robotları ile ilgili ülkemizde son derece sınırlı sayıda çalışmanın yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle mevcut çalışma, bir sosyal robot türü olarak hizmet robotlarını, türlerini, yetenek ve kapasitelerini, hizmet karşılaşmalarındaki yerleri ile kendilerine yönelik duyulan endişe ve eleştirileri literatürden elde edilen bilgiler ışığında inceleyerek bir derleme şeklinde ulusal literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma neticesinde ulaşılan sonuca göre; ilişki pazarlaması, hizmet karşılaşması, hizmet deneyimi ve hizmet hataları vb. konular bağlamında mevcut teorilerin yeniden test edilerek güncellenmesi ve geliştirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
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