SummaryIn this study, drillability experiments were carried out on the AISI H13 hot work steel which is difficult to machine. Uncoated and AlCrN-coated carbide drills, ø14 mm, were used at 4 cutting speeds (60, 75, 90 and 108 m/min) and three different feed rates (0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mm/rev). As a result of the experimental work, it was observed that an increase in the feed rate caused an increased on the thrust force in the workpiece machined with both the uncoated and coated drills. While an increase in the cutting speed caused the thrust force to increase in operations performed with uncoated drills, the increased cutting speed led to a decreased torque. In contrast, an increase in the cutting speed caused both the thrust force and the torque to decrease in the operations with coated drills. Stresses occurring on the drills were analyzed and a mathematical model was developed using the finite element method and the ANSYS Workbench package software.
Abstract. The harmony of the drilling machine-cutting tool-work piece is very important for producing the machine part with the ideal dimensions. For this purpose in this study, the effect of cutting forces on hole quality (surface roughness, diameter deviation and circular deviation) was investigated by 14 mm diameter uncoated and (AlCrN monolayer) coated carbide drills for drilling AISI H13 hot work tool steel on vertical machining center. Four different cutting speeds (60, 75, 90 and 108 m / min) and three different feed rates (0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mm / rev) were used in the experiments. Cutting forces have been found to be effective in improving hole quality. Better hole quality has obtained with coated drills than uncoated drills in experiments. It has been observed that coated drills have the effect of improving the hole quality due to the operation with less cutting force and better chip evacuation.
ÖZETDelik delme işleminde, takım ve işlem performansı için sıcaklık önemli bir faktördür. Bu nedenle kesme bölgesinde oluşan sıcaklığın analiz edilmesi işlem performansının tahmin edilebilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu amaçla, sanayide sıkça kullanılan AISI H13 ve AISI D2 malzemeleri 14 mm çapında kaplamasız ve (AlCrN monolayer) kaplamalı karbür matkaplarla dik işleme merkezinde delinmiştir. Kesme bölgesinde oluşan sıcaklıklar matkapların soğutma kanallarına yerleştirilen ısıl çiftler yardımıyla ölçülmüştür. Deneylerde dört farklı kesme hızı (60, 75, 90 ve 108 m/dak) ve üç farklı ilerleme miktarı (0.15, 0.20 ve 0.25 mm/dev) kullanılmıştır. Deneysel çalışma sonucu, ilerleme miktarı ve kesme hızı artışı sıcaklığın azalmasına yol açmıştır. Kaplamalı matkapların kaplama özelliğinden dolayı ısı iletim katsayısının düşük olması, kaplamalı matkaplarla yapılan işlemlerde sıcaklığın daha fazla olmasına neden olmuştur. Bütün deneylerde, AISI H13 malzemesinin işlenmesi esnasında oluşan sıcaklık değerleri AISI D2 malzemesinin işlenmesi esnasında oluşan sıcaklık değerlerinden daha fazla çıkmıştır. Bu duruma malzemelerin yapısal ve kimyasal farklılıklarının neden olduğu düşünülmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Delik delme, AISI H13 çeliği, AISI D2 çeliği, takım kaplaması, sıcaklık ölçümü THE EFFECTS OF CUTTING TOOL COATING AND MACHINING PARAMETERS IN DRILLING OF STEEL AISI H13 AND AISI D2 ABSTRACTIn drilling, temperature is an important factor for the tool and the machining performance. For this reason, analysis of the temperature in the cutting zone is essential for predicting the machining performance. In this study, commonly used AISI H13 and AISI D2 steels were drilled using uncoated and (AlCrN monolayer) coated carbide drills of 14 mm diameter on a vertical machining centre. The cutting zone temperatures were determined using the thermocouples inserted into the coolant holes of the drills. The tests were carried out at four different cutting speeds (60, 75, 90 and 108 m/min) and three different feed rates (0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mm/rev). The experimental results showed that increasing feed rate and cutting speed led to decrease in the temperature. The lower heat conduction of the coated drills resulted in the higher temperature. In all the tests, drilling of AISI H13 caused higher temperature than that of AISI D2. It is considered that this was caused by the structural and chemical differences of the materials.
The effects of friction coefficient on formability behavior of advanced high-strength steel sheets have been examined in this study. For this purpose, forming analysis has been conducted by stretching the three different steel sheets such as DP600, DP800 and DP1000. Forming processes have been done by using punch that has different friction coefficients (0.05, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 µ) in nakajima forming die. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that thinning amount and forming force have increased by the increasing in the friction coefficient. When major and minor deformations on the sheet have been examined, it has been determined that the increasing friction coefficient makes plastic deformation amount increase.
Bu çalışmada, 45 HRC sertliğinde aşınma dayanımı yüksek olan AISI T15 yüksek hız çeliği, PVD yöntemiyle TiAlN+Al203 ve CVD yöntemiyle TiCN+TiN kaplanmış karbür kesici takımlarla tornalanmıştır. Kesme derinliğinin (1,5 mm) sabit tutulduğu deneyler, dört farklı kesme hızı (60, 80, 140 ve 200 m/dak) ile üç farklı ilerleme miktarı (0,1, 0,3 ve 0,6 mm/dev) kombinasyonlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kesme parametreleri ve kaplama türünün yüzey pürüzlülüğüne etkisi araştırılmıştır. Düşük ilerleme miktarında (0,1mm/dev) PVD TiAlN+Al203 kaplamalı kesici takımlar CVD TiCN+TiN kaplamalı kesici takımlardan daha iyi performans sergilemiştir. Fakat ilerleme miktarının 0,6 mm/dev olduğunda, CVD TiCN+TiN kaplamalı kesici takımlar PVD TiAlN+Al203 kaplamalı kesici takımlardan daha iyi performans sergilemişlerdir. Bu durumun kesici takımların kaplama malzemesinin özelliklerine yorumlanmıştır.
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