The Problem Despite efforts to develop women entrepreneurs in Indonesia, the majority of them are unable to grow their businesses. The literature suggests that cultural factors (i.e., non-egalitarian sex roles) may limit the actualization of psychological factors that are critical for their successes. The Solution To investigate the motivation, challenges, and opportunities facing women entrepreneurs in Indonesia, this article focused on (a) characteristics of women entrepreneurs based on their motives: necessity- versus growth-oriented, and (b) psychological factors that influence their success. Focusing on micro and small enterprises, we collected data from 200 (87 necessity-oriented, and 113 growth-oriented) women entrepreneurs in Indonesia. The study findings demonstrate that the success of women entrepreneurs in Indonesia is associated with their identity conflict (i.e., induced by non-egalitarian sex-role culture), passion, and future time orientation, all of which interplay differently for necessity- and growth-oriented women entrepreneurs. The Stakeholders This article is important for scholars, practitioners, and government officers in a non-egalitarian sex-role country like Indonesia. It informs involved stakeholders of the specific aspects that need to be considered in coaching and leadership training for women entrepreneurs who are managing micro and small enterprises.

Abstract-Entrepreneurship is one part of economic aspect in achieving a strong economic growth in a country. Therefore, the government encourages the involvement of its people to participate in entrepreneurship program. Yet, the representation of women in entrepreneurial world has not reached the same level as that of men. Therefore, this study aims to analyse several factors underlying enterpreneurship success in women as compared to men. The role of demographic factors (education level, startup capital, business legal enitity and business registry ownership) are taken into account toward entrepreneurial success. Data from 409 respondents, all entreprenuers, show that entrepreneurial activity is still dominated by male entrepreneurs. Women also have less educational level and business legality with these variables being related significantly enterpreneurial success. The implication of this study is relevant to identify means to empower woman entrepreneurs.