Objective: To assess the relationship between habitual fish intake and fatty acid levels in serum as well as in the LDL fractions of serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Cohort of Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, northern Spain) included in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) project. Subjects: Random sample of 120 healthy volunteers of both sexes aged 35 -65 y, divided into various consumption groups according to daily fish intake. Methods: Data on habitual intake over the previous year was collected by trained interviewers by means of a computerized questionnaire based on the diet history method. Fasting venous blood samples were drawn and fatty acids were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Results: Lean fish accounted for 78% of all fish consumption in the highest consumption group ( > 115 g=day) and for 60% in the lowest ( < 31 g=day). The mean concentrations of o-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, o-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6, o-3) in serum and in the LDL fractions of serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters increased significantly from the lowest to the highest fish consumption categories. Fish intake showed a statistically significant relationship with o-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA in serum and in the LDL fractions of serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters both in the simple linear regression analysis and in a multiple regression model adjusted by age, body mass index (BMI) and vegetable intake. Conclusions: Habitual fish intake is reflected in the content of EPA and DHA in serum and in the LDL phospholipid and cholesteryl esters fractions. The concentrations of very-long-chain o-3 fatty acids are useful biomarkers for dietary fish intake, mainly lean fish. Sponsorship: Europe Against Cancer Programme of the European Union (agreement SOC 97 200302 05F02); 'Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias', Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS grant 99=0024-05); Government of the Basque Country; and 'Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer'. Descriptors: fish intake; fish oil; n-3 fatty acids; biological markers; eicosapentaenoic acid; docosahexaenoic acid

This study is the first southern European validated population-derived model for predicting 5-year fatal/non-fatal CHD and CVD risk in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

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In the problem of one-class classification (OCC) one of the classes, the target class, has to be distinguished from all other possible objects, considered as nontargets. In many biomedical problems this situation arises, for example, in diagnosis, image based tumor recognition or analysis of electrocardiogram data. In this paper an approach to OCC based on a typicality test is experimentally compared with reference state-of-the-art OCC techniques—Gaussian, mixture of Gaussians, naive Parzen, Parzen, and support vector data description—using biomedical data sets. We evaluate the ability of the procedures using twelve experimental data sets with not necessarily continuous data. As there are few benchmark data sets for one-class classification, all data sets considered in the evaluation have multiple classes. Each class in turn is considered as the target class and the units in the other classes are considered as new units to be classified. The results of the comparison show the good performance of the typicality approach, which is available for high dimensional data; it is worth mentioning that it can be used for any kind of data (continuous, discrete, or nominal), whereas state-of-the-art approaches application is not straightforward when nominal variables are present.