Developed methods for routine analysis of medicines should be considered in terms of analytical efficiency, economic cost, as well as their environmental impact. Different chromatographic methods for the routine quantitative analysis of hederacoside C in ivy leaf extract and its original dosage forms (capsules and syrup) are developed. The performance of HPLC and UPLC methods should be done using ACE C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) and ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) columns, respectively, and both of them require a mixture of water and acetonitrile in the ratio 71/29 as a mobile phase. The HPTLC procedure is carried out using the stationary phase pre-coated silica gel 60 F254 glass sheets and a mixture of anhydrous formic acid/acetone/methanol/ethyl acetate (4:20:20:30 v/v). The most suitable conditions of preparation for each sample are established, for instance, the solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the analysis of syrup is applied. Analytical methods are compered by analytical accuracy, calculation of expenses, and assessment of their influence on ecology. All methods are recognized as accurate, precise, and reliable. However, the assessment of the environmental impact shows that HPTLC is the less green method. On the another hand, it is found to be the cheapest, the costs of performing HPTLC are 2.3 and 1.6 times lower than for HPLC and UPLC, respectively.

The introduction of national strategies aimed at improving the well-being of the population of the country is one of the current approaches to reforming the public policies of the countries of the world. It is the socioeconomic determinants of health that determine the conditions in which people are born, grow, live and getting old, as well as the spheres of influence on these conditions, such as public policy, state of economic development, demographic trends, etc. The aim. In this way, our research has focused on a comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators that determine the effectiveness of socioeconomic determinants of healthсare in Europe and Ukraine, that are used to provide scientific justification for the construction of humanistic models for the provision of pharmaceutical care to the population in the context of the rapid stratification of Ukrainian society according to socioeconomic indicators. Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the principles of systems analysis and an interdisciplinary scientific and systemic approach. The study used the empirical method, the method of comparative analysis and synthesis of statistical data, the graphical method. Results. A comparative analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of health in the countries of the European region and in Ukraine was carried out on three levels of indicators: the level of health-care expenditure, the structure of health-care expenditure and expenditure on medicines. The analysis revealed that in 2019, the average health expenditure of the countries analyzed was 8.2 % of GDP. Only two of the 34 countries - Ukraine and Turkey - have a rate below the 5 % that recommended by WHO. Public health financing schemes and compulsory health insurance are the main funding mechanisms in all countries, with the exception of Cyprus. Ukraine, Russia, Greece, Latvia and Bulgaria have the largest share of direct costs to patients as a source of health care financing. The results of the analysis of the medicine expenditure indicator as a proportion of total health expenditure showed that the highest level was in Bulgaria (35.4 %), the lowest in Denmark (6.4 %). Overall, five countries have high levels of pharmaceutical expenditures. In most European countries, the cost of purchasing medicines has been found to range from 346 to 619 USD per person per year. The highest value of this indicator from the European region is in Switzerland (894 USD per person), and the lowest is in Ukraine (73 USD). Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the countries were grouped according to key indicators into three categories - high, medium and low. Conclusions. A comparative analysis of key indicators of the socio-economic determinants of health in the country of the European region has been carried out

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One of the main steps in the pharmaceutical development of drugs is the choice of quality control methods. The correctness of the method must be confirmed by validation. In addition, manufacturers take into account various economic and environmental factors. It is especially important to determine the above aspects for domestic and promising drugs, such as the morpholinium thiazotate. The aim. During the development of methods for the routine analysis of medicinal products, attention should be paid to efficiency of analysis, budget, as well as their impact to the environment. Because of this reason, not only new methods for routine analysis should be developed. It is important this methods must be environmentally-friendly and cost-efficient. Materials and methods. The determination of the morpholinium thiazotate was carried out by HPLC using the SunFire C18 (150 mm × 4,6 mm, 5,0 μm) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector using the Rxi-5 ms (30 m long, 0.25 mm outer diameter and 0.25 μm liquid stationary phase thickness). Results. Various chromatographic methods for the routine quantitative analysis of morpholinium thiazotate were developed. The most suitable conditions for sample preparation were established. Proposed methods were compared to find the most ecological and economic. Conclusions. Proposed methods were accurate and reliable. However, an environmental impact assessment showed that GC-FID is a more environmentally friendly and economical method of analysis. Using 12 Principles of green analytical chemistry, the overall “analytical GREEnness (AGREE)” scale for the proposed analytical approach was computed 0.72, showing the good greener nature of the proposed analytical approach

Aim. To study pharmaceutical awareness of the population in the rational use of medicines using innovative marketing tools. Materials and methods. The results of an electronic survey of visitors to pharmacies using questionnaires of the author’s social project “Important facts about medicines” implemented by pharmacies are presented. The data analysis was accompanied by the use of sociological survey methods, descriptive statistics, graphic analysis, grouping methods and generalization of data. Results. Based on the data generalization the existing correlation between the level of involving pharmacy visitors in the project with the interest in obtaining important facts about medicines was found. According to the number of responses provided by visitors during the project implementation, it can be argued that the most attractive was the information about the impact of medicines while driving, and half as attractive were the facts about the peculiarities of using medicines for children. It was determined that the most general important facts about medicines were well-known for the project participants; on average 53 % of respondents had a sufficient level of awareness. Thus, the highest level of awareness was determined regarding the side effects in case of simultaneous use of medicines and alcohol; increased blood pressure in case of medicines containing caffeine; strict compliance with the patient information leaflet for taking medicines. A sufficient number of project participants (44 % of the total number of pharmacy visitors who responded) indicated that they were aware of the facts about the peculiarities of using medicines for children under one year of age. The level of pharmaceutical awareness of pharmacy visitors concerning important facts about the effects of medicines on the human body while driving was the lowest; it was 33% among all pharmacy visitors who responded. For example, pharmacy visitors were not aware of what antihistamines should not be taken by drivers. Conclusions. Based on the analysis a high level of self-motivation of visitors to expand the range of important knowledge about medicines and the effectiveness of innovative marketing tools to create pharmaceutical awareness of the population in issues of the rational use of medicines has been revealed. Key words: pharmaceutical information; pharmaceutical awareness of the population; responsible self-medication; social project.