BACKGROUND Dengue infection has become a major public health problem with significant socioeconomic burden to the increasing geographical extension, number of cases, and severity of the disease. One of the neglected complications in dengue is venous thromboembolism (VTE) which could also be as fatal is often overlooked in the overall management of dengue. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide a perspective on the incidence of thromboembolism in patients with dengue infection. METHODS The search strategy was conducted through PubMed and LinkSpringer. About 182 articles were retrieved using ‘vein thrombosis’ and ‘dengue’ keywords. Further, screening was carried out and resulted in 15 articles. In the end, five articles were included. To be eligible, the articles should be published from 2011-2121 and published in English. RESULTS This review found that VTE can occur in dengue patients of all ages, genders, and severities. VTE is more common in dengue shock syndrome patient rather than dengue haemorrhagic fever or least likely in dengue fever. Administering Anticoagulants is still the preferred option in managing VTE in dengue patients with caution of the thrombocyte count of patients. CONCLUSIONS The likeliness of VTE occurrence is linear with the severity of the dengue infection and the patient’s length of stay in hospitals. Preventive measures could be taken to prevent VTE in high-risk dengue patients, thus it is important to do risk scoring in high-risk patients. Thrombocytopenia must be taken into account when realizing said preventive measure, i.e., administering anticoagulant as prophylaxis.
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops as a result of directly experiencing, witnessing, or being repeatedly exposed to aversive details of, a potentially traumatic event such as death, combat, sexual assault, or serious injury. It involves a persistent feeling of fear that results from inadequate consolidation of trauma memory. PTSD negatively impacts patients' daily lives and is associated with a higher risk of death. The downside of trauma-focused imaginal exposure therapy is the inability of patients to recall the underlying traumatic event and its effects. The development of modern technology has made it possible to overcome the downside. Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is now available for alternative choice of PTSD therapy. VRET is allowing to create traumatic stimuli that are more controlled and realistic. VRET supports wider methodologies in clinical studies because it supports standardization duration and type of exposure for all patients. This study aimed to verify the efficacy of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).Methods: The search strategy was conducted through PubMed, LinkSpringer, and LIVIVO. About 71 articles were retrieved using ‘post-traumatic stress disorder’ and ‘virtual reality exposure’ keywords. Further, screening was carried out and resulted in 8 articles. In the end, four articles were included. To be eligible, the articles should be randomized controlled trial articles, published from 2011-2121, and published in English.Results: Four RCTs included in this study reported that VRET has a significant effect in reducing CAPS and PTSD symptoms. One study also reported that VRET could help with depressive symptoms and reduce autonomic symptoms such as heart rate as a response to trauma cues. Conclusions: VRET has an obvious and significant impact on alleviating PTSD symptoms, even though if there were a more standardized protocol or more diverse RCT the effect and use of VRET could be even more promising thus making VRET has more ground to be applied to the general population.
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