Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common indications for hysteroscopy. Most of the AUB cases occur due to endometrial or myometrium pathology. Among it, endometrial polyps (EP) and chronic endometritis (CE) prevalent in reproductive age, while endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and EP dominate in perimenopause. It was determined that EP and CE are characterized with menorrhagia and metrorrhagia approximately equally, whereas EH reveals AUB with oligomenorrhoea. Verification of exact endometrial pathology by ultrasound examination is hindered, that results in deviations of ultrasound and histological diagnosis. The usage of ultrasound data and AUB’s characteristics may improve the diagnostic accuracy on preadmission period.

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common frequent reasons for contacting a gynecologist and conducting intrauterine interventions. AUB causes iron deficiency anemia and a decrease quality of life of women, which in turn is the reason of their social and clinical significance. Based on the analysis of literature and international data recommendations, the review outlines the basic principles of AUB diagnosis, non-hormonal and hormone therapy Advantages of continuous regimen for the administration of progestogens, in particular the LNG-IUS, and COCs containing estradiol valerate, to reduce menstrual flow blood loss are presented in the article. The need for a differentiated approach of choosing the therapy based on age, causes of bleeding, and balance benefits and risks of medicines.

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Hermetic sealing of the apical area after root end resection is essential to the success of endodontic surgery. To compare microleakage after root end resection of the two bioceramic sealers without retrograde fi lling -Total Fill BC Sealer and MTA Fillapex, and two materials for retrograde fi lling-MTA and Biodentine, using the method of penetration of dye -2% methylene blue. Forty eight extracted single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. The resection was made at 3 mm from the root tip at an angle of 90 degree to the long axis of the tooth. The teeth were divided into 4 groups: 1st group (n = 9) -root canal obturation with Total Fill BC Sealer without retrograde fi lling; 2nd group (n = 8) -root canal obturation with MTA Fillapex without retrograde fi lling. 3rd group (n = 10)retrograde ultrasonic cavity preparation and fi lling with MTA. 4th group (n = 8) -retrograde ultrasonic cavity preparation and fi lling with Biodentine. The outer surface of the root was covered with two layers of varnish, with the exception of the apical 3 mm and then immersed in 2% methylene blue for 72 h. The degree of penetration of the dye is measured in millimeters. The data was entered and processed with the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. We reject the null hypothesis when p < 0.05. With signifi cantly higher value is the arithmetic mean of the group with the root canal obturation with Total Fill BC Sealer without retrograde fi lling -2,01 mm; versus a retrograde fi lling with MTA -0,68 mm and Biodentin -0,51 mm; and no statistically signifi cant difference with the group root canal obturation with MTA Fillapex -1,76 mm. In the four material microleakage dye was observed, but to varying degrees.