A gas infrared burner was first developed in 1933 in Germany for the conversion of gas combustion energy into thermal energy of infrared radiation. The design of the gas infrared burner includes a ceramic perforated radiator panel and auxiliary elements (gas valves) that control the process of gas supply to the burner and subsequent combustion of the gas-air mixture. The work efficiency depends on the appropriate selection of the dimensions of its main structural elements. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in calculating gas infrared burners for disinfection of soil and substrate in protected ground. (Materials and methods) The calculation of gas infrared burners is reduced to determining the dimensions of its main structural elements: nozzle, throat, mixer, reducer, diffuser and nozzle. (Results and discussion) The gas flow rate per burner, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle and its diameter, and the gas flow rate from the nozzle, the area of the radiating surface were determined based on the specified thermal load Qo and the specific load qo of the nozzle. The calculations of the velocity of the gas-air mixture in the holes of the tile fit within the limits of permissible speeds. The article presents the calculation scheme of the gas infrared burner. (Conclusions) The gas infrared burners, the main structural elements, gas consumption and the speed of the gas-air mixture were calculated. The calculations of infrared burners showed that the velocity of the gas-air mixture in the holes of the ceramic tile fits within the permissible values, which will positively affect the efficiency of its operation.

Comfortable temperature conditions in any room are provided by heating systems, thermal insulation properties of enclosing structures, external environmental conditions. Practical experience, literature analysis show that the existing temperature control systems in industrial premises have disadvantages. Eliminating is possible by using a multi-circuit functional control structure, allowing to reduce the inertia of the temperature control system by taking into account the outdoor temperature, the influence of natural light on the temperature inside the production facility. For its operation, a practically oriented mathematical model is needed, which allows taking into account the influence of a large number of external factors on the temperature regime with minimal delay. A mathematical model has been developed for use as a program in industrial electronics devices for predicting, correcting the temperature field, regulating the temperature regime in the production areas of a room at any point. Based on experimental data, the analysis of the results of the adequacy of the mathematical model shows that the temperature values obtained by the mathematical model of forecasting, correction of the temperature regime fall within the confidence interval and are within the standard deviation. The mechanism of technical implementation is proposed and the prospects of its use are shown.

The soil is a favorable environment for many microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria, fungal spores, insect eggs due to the presence of nutrients and moisture in it. Soil treatment from pests and pathogens of agricultural crops for the purpose of disinfection can be carried out by chemical, energy, thermal and biological methods. The most common method is thermal. The article proposes to use infrared heating as an alternative energy source. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing energy-resource- saving installations for disinfection of soil and substrate. (Materials and methods) The article presents three devices and their capabilities for disinfection of soil and substrate with infrared radiation. (Results and discussion) One of the options for progressive scientific and technical developments is the development of software management of soil and substrate disinfection for the implementation of energy-saving electrical technologies, which regulates parameters depending on the set values: heating time, height of the frame with IR burners above the ground, humidity, porosity, soil temperature, ambient temperature and power of infrared burners. (Conclusions) During the analysis of the state and prospects for the tillage before planting, the need for the development of scientifically based devices for disinfection of soil and substrate was justified. The proposed use of software control of soil and substrate disinfection will allow setting and maintaining the required level of treatment depending on the technological process, type of soil, open or closed ground. The use of an automatic disinfection control system will make it possible to achieve optimal processing parameters and increase productive indicators.

No abstract

The task of supplying plants in vegetable farms of the Russian Federation is relevant today. There is an urgent question about the implementation of carbon dioxide fertilization of plants in protected soil structures. The low concentration of carbon dioxide in the cultivation of plants serves as a factor limiting the yield. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to develop an algorithm for the microprocessor for supplying carbon dioxide to protected ground structures using electric nozzles. (Materials and methods) Since the content of carbon dioxide in the atmospheric air is only 0.03 percent, it is necessary to create an installation capable of dosing carbon dioxide. With insufficient air exchange, the CO2 content in greenhouses as a result of its intensive absorption by plants can fall below 0.01 percent and photosynthesis practically stops. The article presents the calculation to reduce the cost of protected crops using a carbon dioxide generation plant. The domestic and foreign literature have been analyzed. The article compares the characteristics of the injectors. There were described the method of calculating the number of injectors and the method of supplying carbon dioxide to the plants of the protected ground. (Results and discussion) The article presents the electrical equipment used in the installation. The electrical principle scheme of the installation includes the Mitsubishi FX2N microcontroller. The microcontroller is controlled by an algorithm for the supply of carbon dioxide. (Conclusions) It is possible to solve the problem of lack of carbon dioxide when growing plants by supplying gas with electric nozzles to the construction of a protected ground with direct control by a microcontroller. The use of electromagnetic nozzles makes it possible to dose the supplying of plants with CO2.