An urgent problem is drying and processing of the wet dispersed waste, obtained in the production of food products, which can then be efficiently used as a fertiliser, for feeding livestock or as biofuel. A new design of a vibrating fluidised bed dryer has been developed, which, with low energy consumption, provides a pre-set productivity and the required final moisture content. The process of vertical oscillations of the body of a vibration dryer, together with the food waste contained in it, is analysed analytically, the necessary equivalent scheme is built, on the basis of which differential equations of the vertical oscillations of the body are compiled, their analytical solutions are obtained, and a numerical calculation is performed on a PC using the developed program. Rational parameters of the vibration dryer, providing vibroboiling of the mass of the food waste, have been determined: the body mass m = 250 ... 510 kg; the debalance mass md= 10… 15 kg; the number of revolutions of the debalance electric motor nd= 1950 ... 2650 rpm ∙ min∙1; maximum stiffness of the support springs Cp= 8∙105 N∙m–1; the diameter of the centre of mass of the debalances dd= 0.01 m. In addition, as a result of the thermophysical theoretical and experimental studies of the vibration drying process, the following optimal design and technological parameters of the vibration dryer were obtained: the heat transfer area St.p.n= 4.15 m2; the radius of the heating pipe rt= 0.1 m; the length of the heating pipe lt = 3 m; the number of heating pipes nt= 50; the heat transfer coefficient Kp= 2500; the final temperature of the dried waste to2= 100 ºС.

Processes of classification (separation) of dry and damp dispersive materials are wide spread in metallurgy, construction, agriculture, in chemical, food, processing industry and in other branches. Therefore, constructors and technologists pay a lot of attention for rationalization of these processes and equipment for their realization in direction of increase of productivity and quality of classification, reliability of machines, decrease of power-consuming. In last decades in Ukraine with development of small and middle farming enterprises there is a tendency of increase of variety of grain raw materials by kinds, grades, humidity, sizes, mass, density and volume of particles. All this should consider food and processing enterprises which often work in quite intensive regime in a period of harvest. So, in last time there become more strong demands to efficiency of technological preparation of processes classification for selection of most rational method, equipment and regimes of processing with consideration of parameters of raw materials and demands of further technological processes (grinding, mixing, heating, cooking, frying etc). Because of that, there will be useful a method of automated technological projection of classification processes of dry dispersive materials, proposed in this article. The method allows to elaborate most effective technology of classification with consideration of volume of output program, time for its fulfilment, geometrical and structural-mechanical properties of processed material, characteristics of available equipment for classification and criterions of efficiency of elaborated technology – productivity and specified operational expenses for its realization. The method can be used as a base for elaboration of a computer program of automated synthesis and analysis of rational technological processes of classification of grain raw materials.

The paper presents the schemes of various equipment for the mechanical treatment of the industrial and domestic wastewater, which allows removing it from the main part of the pollution. An examination of the shortcomings of the known equipment with the aim of its improvement was conducted. As a result, an installation scheme for continuous high-performance mechanical wastewater treatment was proposed. In contrast to the known equipment, the proposed installation provides a three-staged treatment of wastewater with the help of the two pairs of gratings-for preliminary treatment (removal of large-size pollutions) and by filtration through the two metallic sieves-for normal and fine treatment (removal of small-size mechanical pollutions). The installation consists of highly-efficient appliances for the cleaning of filtering elements in the course of realization of the working process, which provides stable high productivity of treatment. The installation has simple reliable design and low energy expenses. The paper contains the formulas for determining of main operational parameters of the installation: the change of the cross-sectional area of the filtering elements and productivity of the working process, periodicity of cleaning of gratings and sieves, the necessary electric power of installations drives. These formulas can be a basis for further research of installation and for elaboration of a method of its design calculation.

Separation processes of wet dispersed systems are quite common in the food, processing and other industries. In particular, these include processes related to the production of fruit and vegetable juices, jams, sunflower and olive oil, the extraction of fat from meat rinds in meat production, the separation of whey from cheese mass in the production of cheese, the separation of grated cocoa into butter and pulp, dehydration of wet dispersed waste of food production (alcohol grain, beer pellets, beet pulp, coffee and barley sludge). These processes are quite energy-intensive and have low-productivity, therefore, much attention is paid for modernization of equipment for their implementation in the direction of improving the indicated efficiency characteristics, as well as increasing reliability and reducing material consumption, complexity and price of working machines. At the same time, the known hydraulic static presses do not provide of low final moisture content of the product and the required productivity of the working process. Vibratory pressing equipment is often quite complex, unreliable and generates intense noise and vibration during of operation. Screw presses with an electromechanical drive, despite of their advantages, do not allow to achieve of the necessary degree of separation of the components of the dispersed system, in addition, their actuators are structurally quite complex and wear out quickly. The authors propose improved schemes of hydraulic presses for separation of wet dispersed systems, which can provide high rates of efficiency of the working process and have a simple and reliable design. The article also presents equations for calculating of the main operating parameters of the proposed equipment.

A mathematical model has been developed for changing the dynamics of the movement of a dispersed medium in vibro-impact technological processes of shaping of powder metallurgy blanks. On the basis of the problem of two-dimensional dynamic interaction of dispersed particles of powder metal of a spacer dispersed medium, the obtained differential equation in partial derivatives under various boundary conditions. This equation describes the state of the local area of the dispersed medium. In it, the powder material of the workpiece passes from the concentrated dynamic force to the excitation phase. A partial differential equation is obtained. It describes the change in normal stress during vibrations of a dispersed medium during vibration compaction of a workpiece in powder metallurgy.