Hydraulic Machines for Separation of Wet Dispersed Systems

Abstract

Separation processes of wet dispersed systems are quite common in the food, processing and other industries. In particular, these include processes related to the production of fruit and vegetable juices, jams, sunflower and olive oil, the extraction of fat from meat rinds in meat production, the separation of whey from cheese mass in the production of cheese, the separation of grated cocoa into butter and pulp, dehydration of wet dispersed waste of food production (alcohol grain, beer pellets, beet pulp, coffee and barley sludge). These processes are quite energy-intensive and have low-productivity, therefore, much attention is paid for modernization of equipment for their implementation in the direction of improving the indicated efficiency characteristics, as well as increasing reliability and reducing material consumption, complexity and price of working machines. At the same time, the known hydraulic static presses do not provide of low final moisture content of the product and the required productivity of the working process. Vibratory pressing equipment is often quite complex, unreliable and generates intense noise and vibration during of operation. Screw presses with an electromechanical drive, despite of their advantages, do not allow to achieve of the necessary degree of separation of the components of the dispersed system, in addition, their actuators are structurally quite complex and wear out quickly. The authors propose improved schemes of hydraulic presses for separation of wet dispersed systems, which can provide high rates of efficiency of the working process and have a simple and reliable design. The article also presents equations for calculating of the main operating parameters of the proposed equipment.

Elaboration and Researches of Apparatus of Control for Hydroponic Installations

“…Problem formulation. Hydroponics is a prospective direction of agriculture, providing possibility of receipt of fresh vegetables, fruits and greenery in cold regions all-the-year-round and on small squares [1][2][3]. At present time a lot of attention is spared for elaboration of new more effective methods of hydroponics and equipment for their realization.…”