passive structure like monolithic spiral inductor (MSI) does not need more than one or two hidden layers.The neural network has successfully modeled the MSI, exhibiting good and acceptable average error performances. This proposed method can be conveniently applied for passive monolithic circuits.

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We examined Cd diffusion in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 layers by means of the radiotracer technique. Depth profiles of 109Cd were determined by ion-beam sputter-sectioning upon isothermal diffusion in the range from 197 to 425 °C. The Cd diffusivity can be described by the Arrhenius equation DCd = 4.8 × 10−4 exp (−1.04 eV/kBT )cm2s−1. Atom-probe tomography on a sample saturated with natural Cd at 450 °C revealed its homogeneous incorporation over the crystal volume.

Electron-beam-induced current at absorber back surfaces of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells

The paper highlights some remarkable results obtained by applying the radiotracer diffusion (RTD) technique to the study of ionic transport in salt-in-polymer electrolytes. The technique is based on the determination of a radiotracer depth profile by serial sectioning following isothermal diffusion annealing. Unlike alternative methods, RTD is able to measure the self-cation and self-anion diffusivity even for systems dilute in salt. Another unique feature is the capability to investigate foreign-ion diffusion at extremely low concentration levels. Combined with DC conductivity data, RTD may provide a virtually complete picture of mass and charge transport in solid-like polymer electrolytes (SPEs). The paper describes the special SPE-related procedures used in the RTD experiments and their analysis. The advantages of the method will be demonstrated with selected examples of self-and foreign-ion diffusion in prototype SPE systems. We also present prominent examples of RTD dealing with the effects of salt precipitation and oxide nano-particles used as dispersed filler material.