RADIA is a three-dimensional magnetostatics computer code optimized for the design of undulators and wigglers. It solves boundary magnetostatics problems with magnetized and current-carrying volumes using the boundary integral approach. The magnetized volumes can be arbitrary polyhedrons with non-linear (iron) or linear anisotropic (permanent magnet) characteristics. The current-carrying elements can be straight or curved blocks with rectangular cross sections. Boundary conditions are simulated by the technique of mirroring. Analytical formulae used for the computation of the field produced by a magnetized volume of a polyhedron shape are detailed. The RADIA code is written in object-oriented C++ and interfaced to Mathematica [Mathematica is a registered trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc.]. The code outperforms currently available finite-element packages with respect to the CPU time of the solver and accuracy of the field integral estimations. An application of the code to the case of a wedge-pole undulator is presented.

The first phase of the ESRF beamline ID23 to be constructed was ID23-1, a tunable MAD-capable beamline which opened to users in early 2004. The second phase of the beamline to be constructed is ID23-2, a monochromatic microfocus beamline dedicated to macromolecular crystallography experiments. Beamline ID23-2 makes use of well characterized optical elements: a singlebounce silicon (111) monochromator and two mirrors in Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry to focus the X-ray beam. A major design goal of the ID23-2 beamline is to provide a reliable, easy-to-use and routine microfocus beam. ID23-2 started operation in November 2005, as the first beamline dedicated to microfocus macromolecular crystallography. The beamline has taken the standard automated ESRF macromolecular crystallography environment (both hardware and software), allowing users of ID23-2 to be rapidly familiar with the microfocus environment. This paper describes the beamline design, the special considerations taken into account given the microfocus beam, and summarizes the results of the first years of the beamline operation.

The demand for access to macromolecular crystallography synchrotron beam time continues to increase. To meet this demand the ESRF has constructed a dual station beamline using a canted undulator system as the X-ray source. The first phase of the beamline to be constructed is ID23-1, a tunable MAD-capable station with a mini-focus X-ray beam. The beamline makes use of well characterized optical elements: a channel-cut monochromator with a high-precision toroidal mirror to focus the X-ray beam. The beamline has been conceived with the aim of providing high levels of automation to create an industrial-like environment for protein crystallography. A new software suite has been developed to permit reliable easy operation for the beamline users and beamline staff. High levels of diagnostics are built in to allow rapid trouble-shooting. These developments are now being exported to the ESRF macromolecular crystallography beamline complex and have been made in a modular fashion to facilitate transportability to other synchrotrons.

A new state-of-the art synchrotron beamline fully optimized for monochromatic X-ray diffraction at high pressure and high (or low) temperature is presented. In comparison with the old high-pressure beamline ID30, this new beamline exhibits outstanding performance in terms of photon flux and focusing capabilities. The main components of this new instrument will be described in detail and compared with the performance of beamline ID30. In particular, the choices in terms of X-ray source, X-ray optics, sample environment and detectors are discussed. The first results of the beamline commissioning are presented.

A 3D magnetostatics computer code optimized for Undulators and Wigglers is described. The code uses a boundary integral method and makes extensive use of analytical expressions for the field and field integrals along a straight line. The code outperforms currently available finite element packages in the area of simple data input, CPU time of the solver and accuracy reached for the estimation of field integrals. It is written in C++ and takes advantage of object-oriented programming. The code is interfaced to Mathematica [1]. Pre-and postprocessing of the field data is done in the Mathematica Language. It has been extensively benchmarked with respect to a commercial finite element code. All ESRF Insertion Devices built during the last 4 years have been designed using this code or an older version.