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Aims We assessed the outcome of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with heart failure (HF) compared with patients with other cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia). We further wanted to determine the incidence of HF events and its consequences in these patient populations. Methods and results International retrospective Postgraduate Course in Heart Failure registry for patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 and CArdioVascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia) was performed in 28 centres from 15 countries (PCHF‐COVICAV). The primary endpoint was in‐hospital mortality. Of 1974 patients hospitalized with COVID‐19, 1282 had cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (median age: 72 [interquartile range: 62–81] years, 58% male), with HF being present in 256 [20%] patients. Overall in‐hospital mortality was 25% ( n = 323/1282 deaths). In‐hospital mortality was higher in patients with a history of HF (36%, n = 92) compared with non‐HF patients (23%, n = 231, odds ratio [OR] 1.93 [95% confidence interval: 1.44–2.59], P < 0.001). After adjusting, HF remained associated with in‐hospital mortality (OR 1.45 [95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.06], P = 0.041). Importantly, 186 of 1282 [15%] patients had an acute HF event during hospitalization (76 [40%] with de novo HF), which was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (89 [48%] vs. 220 [23%]) than in patients without HF event (OR 3.10 [2.24–4.29], P < 0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with HF are at increased risk for in‐hospital death. In‐hospital worsening of HF or acute HF de novo are common and associated with a further increase in in‐hospital mortality.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual model that intends to identify the determinants and consequences of brand credibility, specifically in the pharmaceutical industry. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses developed according to the proposed model were tested through an online questionnaire and answered by 225 individuals from Portugal. Findings The results show that the credibility of brand communication, perceived quality and brand familiarity are the key components that contribute most to the creation of a credible brand. Regarding consequences, this study confirms that, in the face of a credible brand, consumers are more willing to repeat the purchase, to pay more for it and to promote their opinion among other consumers. Originality/value This research innovates by presenting, for the first time, a conceptual model of brand credibility specific to the non-prescription medicines market, thus contributing to a better understanding of this issue by companies and brand managers of the pharmaceutical industry.

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Resumo: Os serviços cloud computing são uma inovação tecnológica com vantagens evidentes para as organizações, embora a sua adoção pelas empresas portuguesas seja ainda incipiente. Os esforços de marketing podem desempenhar um papel relevante numa fase inicial de adoção destes serviços, enquanto potenciadores da intenção de utilização. A investigação na área é escassa e encontra-se numa fase embrionária. Este estudo é um contributo para o preenchimento desta lacuna, através da construção e validação empírica de um modelo que explica a forma como os esforços de marketing exercem a sua influência na intenção de utilização dos serviços cloud computing pelas empresas portuguesas. Os resultados obtidos no estudo confirmam o impacto positivo dos esforços de marketing na expectativa de esforço, condições facilitadoras, expectativa de performance e influência social, exercendo estas últimas três variáveis um impacto positivo na intenção de utilização de serviços cloud computing.Palavras-chave: Cloud computing; Adoção de tecnologia; Esforços de marketing. The adoption of cloud computing services by Portuguese companies:The impact of marketing efforts Abstract: The cloud computing services are a technology innovation with an important set of benefits for organizations, although their adoption by Portuguese companies is still incipient. Marketing efforts can play an important role at an early stage of adoption of these services while enhancing the usage intention. The research in this field is scarce and is at an embryonic stage, which is a gap in the literature that must be overcome. This study seeks to be a contribution to filling this gap through the construction and empirical validation of a model that explains how marketing efforts exert their influence on the intention to use cloud computing services by Portuguese companies. The results of the study confirm the positive impact of marketing efforts on effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, performance expectancy and social influence, while the latter three variables exert a positive impact on the intention to use cloud computing services.