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This paper describes a nucleus for controlling process interaction in multiprogramming systems. The nucleus has three components: a set of primitive operations and data structures for the management of processes and resources, a library of service routines for implementing a variety of resource management strategies and facilities for cleanly handling all inputoutput and interrupts. The process management component is straightforward, but the resource facilities are novel in permitting the dynamic definition and control of classes of rqal or virtual. resources. Resources are considered to be anything on which a process can be Mocked and consequently encompass consumable (message-like) as well as conventional, re-usable objects. Applications of the nucleus as well as some implementation details are also presented. LEY WORDS Multiprogramming nucleus Process interaction Resource management Interrupt handlingInput-output processing

POGO is an operational interactive graphics system which allows one to create interactive graphics programs with relatively little elapsed time, programming expertise, or graphics expertise. It features a design program for composing CRT control "pages" by example instead of by programming, and facilities for cleanly interfacing such pages with FORTRAN computational and control subroutines, and with a standard set of curve input and display pages. The presentation will include a description of our development and usage experience, and a film showing the use of POGO in creating interactive graphics programs for trajectory analysis, for analysis of fluid balance in the human body, and for creating parts of POGO itself.

This paper describes an operational interactive computer graphics system, called Graphic ROCKET, currently being used as a performance analysis aid for the preliminary design and evaluation of aerospace vehicle systems.It provides a means for rapidly specifying and evaluating the performance of a wide range of aerospace vehicle designs and flight plans.The hardware available to the system includes an IBM 360/40 with a 5-microsecond cycle time and 65,536 32-bit words of core storage, with four IBM 2311 disk units for peripheral storage.The interactive graphics terminal includes an IBM 2250 cathode-ray tube display with light pen, keyboard, and function keys. Hardcopy is provided by a SC-4060 graphic output device.pages were designed at the 2250 console and interfaced to the FORTRAN computational routines in a smooth, simple manner via the POGO system. ~ Two display control pages allow the user to specify variables for graphic display and to change displays during the course of the run.The system also includes a simple file management scheme which allows the analyst to store and recall inputs and outputs from his previous runs, or store and recall reference data such as tabular representations of atmospheric, propulsion, and aerodynamic properties.These capabilities have been illustrated in a 15-minute sound film, showing the use of Graphic ROCKET in analyzing an air-launched satellite booster for hurricane photography.Program organization is based on the ROCKET program I, a general-purpose trajectory-analysis program developed in 1961 and maintained and extended since in a batch-processing mode. We modified much of the organization of ROCKET to make it operate more naturally and efficiently in an interactive environment.For example, ROCKET allowed the user a pass at the FORTRAN compiler once during each run. This provided a lot of flexibility but would take too much time for an on-line user, so Graphic ROCKET provides instead lists of options specifiable via the light pen.

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