RESUMO -A interferência das plantas daninhas nos sistemas agroflorestais varia com a espécie e a densidade de infestação da planta daninha. Este trabalho foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal do Amazonas, em monocultivo de cupuaçuzeiro e pupunheira e em sistema agroflorestal (SAF) com estas duas espécies. Havia seis espécies de monocotiledôneas e 15 de dicotiledôneas, e as cinco famílias com maior número de espécies, em ordem decrescente, foram Poaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Cyperaceae e Verbenaceae. As espécies Desmodium incanun, Cyperus rotundus, Clidemia sp. e Spermacoce verticillata ocorreram nos três cultivos. O maior coeficiente de similaridade de plantas daninhas ocorreu entre os cultivos de cupuaçuzeiro e pupunheira (54,5%) e o menor entre o sistema agroflorestal e a pupunha (32,0%). Quanto à freqüência, Stachytarpheta cayennensis apresentou 33% de freqüência na área de SAF; Eclipta alba, 44% de freqüência na área de cultivo de cupuaçuzeiro e na área de cultivo de pupunheira; e D. incanun, C. rotundus e Clidemia sp. apresentaram 44% de freqüência.Palavras-chave: freqüência, abundância, similaridade, agrofloresta, invasoras. ABSTRACT -The interference of weeds in agro-forestry systems production factors varies according to species and infestation density. This assay was conducted at the Federal University of Amazonas

RESUMO -O estudo da composição da flora de plantas daninhas de uma área ou de uma região agrícola é importante, por identificar a diversidade de espécies e contribuir para recomendação de estratégias de manejo a serem empregadas nos sistemas agrícolas. Palavras-chave: guaranazeiro, fitossociologia, invasoras, freqüência, Amazônia. (Coari, Iranduba, Maués, Presidente Figueiredo and Urucará) ABSTRACT -The study of the floristic composition of weeds of an area or agricultural region is important since it identifies the diversity of species and provides management strategies to be used under various agricultural system conditions. The objective of this work was to identify the floristic composition of weeds occurring in guaraná crops in five counties

-This study has aimed to carry out a phytosociological survey of weeds in different collection periods, in cassava crops of two varieties grown in two consecutive years. The varieties were Pão, of the sweet class, and Racha-terra, of the bitter class. The weeds surveys were performed at 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168, 196, 224, 252, 280 and 308 days after planting in the experimental units of each variety. For weeds sampling, a sampler with an area of 0.25 m 2 released twice at random in the floor area of the treatments was used. The phytosociological survey quantified 5,708 individuals distributed in 17 families, represented by 32 species, of which 25 were dicotyledonous and seven were monocotyledonous. The most representative families in number of species were Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae, followed by Cyperaceae and Fabaceae. The most important species in the two growing seasons were Axonopus affinis, Mimosa pudica, Spermacoce verticillata and Paspalum multicaule. Other important species of the Poaceae family were Axonopus affinis, Axonopus fissifolius and Homolepis aturensis.Keywords: competition, tillage, Manihot esculenta. 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168, 196, 224, 252, 280 RESUMO -Este estudo objetivou realizar levantamento fitossociológico de plantas daninhas em diferentes períodos de coleta, em cultivo de duas variedades de mandioca, em dois anos consecutivos. As variedades foram Pão, da classe mansa, e Racha-terra, da classe brava. Os levantamentos das plantas daninhas foram realizados aos

Current orange tree cultivation practices in the Brazilian State of Amazonas present several production problems, being the inadequate weed management the most important one, and significantly affecting fruit productivity. However, if weeds are managed properly, their coexistence with orange cultivars does not affect the fruit yield of orange trees. Thus, the objective of this research was to identify the period of longer weed interference in orange production. The treatments were conducted during the 2013 and 2014 harvests as follows: one control treatment with no coexistence of weeds and crop throughout the growing season; and six periods of coexistence (October to January, February to May, June to September, October to May, October to January, June to September, and February to September). The coexistence of weeds from October to May with orange trees increased the fall of unripe fruits and reduced the yield and the number of oranges per plant. Therefore, this period was considered as the most critical one for the control of weeds in orange trees.

Guarana is a plant native to the Amazon region that produces the fruit known as guarana. Guarana production is carried out by small farmers and is a source of income for thousands of people in rural and urban areas. The interference caused by the competition between weeds and guarana is an important limiting factor of its production. Despite its economic and social importance, there are few studies on the management of weeds in this species. Thus, this research aimed to study the effects of weed interference on guarana yield in different periods. This study was performed in Maués, AM, in the 2014 and 2015 seasons. The experimental design was a randomized block design with eight treatments and four blocks. Treatments consisted of a combination of four different periods of control or coexistence with weeds (March to May, June to August, September to November, and December to February). Weed community was composed of 23 weed species belonging to 12 botanical families, with Paspalum virgatum being the species with the highest importance value index (55.74%). Weed coexistence with guarana from June to August provided the lowest yields (156.16 kg ha-1 of grains) when compared to weed control in the same period (309.05 kg ha-1 of grains). Weed interference from June to August reduced guarana yield by 50%.