The case of a 70-year-old male with lymphoblastic leukemia is reviewed, who presented the rare and almost always fatal complication of pulmonary mucormycosis, but who was treated satisfactorily with amphotericin B and surgery. The risk of massive hemoptysis in the course of mucormycosis that invades the lung vessels, makes us believe that surgery is an essential part of the management of this disease. It is suggested that the patient be operated as soon as the diagnosis is obtained, as we did in our case, to avoid other risks in combined management with amphotericin B.

We report a case of a 25-year-old, white, male plaster worker who started developing fever, severe dyspnea and cough during the manipulation of esparto fibers. The functional lung study showed restrictive lung disease and decreased single-breath carbon monoxide transfer lung capacity. High-resolution computed tomography revealed a diffuse ‘ground-glass’ pattern. The histopathological findings were interstitial inflammation with a marked predominance of lymphocytes and microgranulomas. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed a significant predominance of lymphocytes, with an increase in the level of CD8. Serum precipitins against fungal antigens confirmed that Aspergillus fumigatus was the cause of the patient’s hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Surgery represents the first-choice treatment to manage pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer when the primary tumor has been controlled and there is no evidence of metastatic spreading to any other organ. In our experience on 13 patients, we obtained a survival at 5 years of 23%. The average number of metastases resected was 2.9. The increase of carcinoembryonic antigen was the first clinical sign in 10 cases (76.9%, higher or equal to 5 ng/ml) that led to its discovery. The surgical technique most frequently used was wedge resection and/or atypical segmentectomy. Intraoperative mortality was zero and morbidity low (15.3%).

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Rendimiento diagnóstico de la citología de lavado bronquial en el ultrasonido endobronquial-EBUS lineal