A 42-day study was conducted to evaluate the effect of genotype: terminal sire line Duroc×F1 (DC×F1); terminal sire line Embrapa MS-115×F1 (MS-115×F1); and MS-115×Moura (MS-115×MO) and three dietary oil sources: soybean; canola; and canola+flax, on performance, carcass traits, pork quality, and fatty acid composition. Genotype affected the technological quality of pork and fatty acid profile. MS-115-sired pigs had better meat color and Duroc-sired pigs had higher intramuscular fat content, more saturated fat and better omega-6/omega-3 ratio. Moura breed influenced positively meat tenderness and intramuscular fat. Diet did not affect the technological quality of the meat. Canola or canola+flax oil diet supplementations increased monounsaturated and C18:3 and decreased C18:2 fatty acids, reducing the omega-6/omega-3 ratio. The best omega-6/omega-3 ratio was obtained through supplementation with canola+flax.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do genótipo e de teores de aminoácidos na dieta sobre o desempenho de suínos, o retorno econômico e a qualidade da carcaça e da carne. Os genótipos avaliados foram: MS115 x F1; Duroc x F1 (DCxF1); MS115 x Moura (MS115xMO); Duroc x 25% Duroc, 50% Large White, 25% Moura (DCxMO3). Os teores de aminoácidos nas dietas foram os recomendados para o desempenho alto ou médio de machos castrados com alto potencial genético. O escore de marmoreio foi mais elevado nos animais alimentados com teores médios de aminoácidos. Os genótipos DCxF1 e DCxMO3 tiveram maior ganho de peso diário do que MS115xF1 e MS115xMO. O menor ganho de peso, ajustado pelo consumo de ração, ocorreu no genótipo MS115xMO. As maiores espessuras de toucinho foram observadas nos animais MS115xMO e nos machos DCxMO3. O maior escore de marmoreio ocorreu nos animais MS115xMO, e o menor nos MS115xF1. Em comparação aos genótipos selecionados quanto à produção de carne, a raça Moura influenciou negativamente o desempenho e a qualidade da carcaça e positivamente a qualidade da carne, de acordo com sua proporção nos genótipos. A raça Duroc influenciou positivamente a qualidade da carne nos cruzamentos. A redução dos teores de aminoácidos nas dietas proporciona aumento do marmoreio, independentemente do genótipo.Termos para indexação: Sus scrofa, marmoreio, nutrição, raças exóticas, raça Moura. Meat quality and performance of pig genotypes fed two amino acid levelsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of genotype and amino acid levels on swine performance, economic returns, and carcass and meat quality. The evaluated genotypes were: MS115 x F1; Duroc x F1 (DCxF1); MS115 x Moura (MS115xMO); Duroc x 25% Duroc, 50% Large White, 25% Moura (DCxMO3). Diet amino acids contents were those recommended for high or medium performance of barrows with high genetic potential. Marbling score was higher in animals fed the lowest level of amino acids. The genotypes DCxF1 and DCxMO3 had higher daily weight gains than MS115xF1 and MS115xMO. The lowest weight gain, adjusted by feed intake, occurred in the genotype MS115xMO. The highest backfat thickness were observed in MS115xMO animals and DCxMO3 males. The highest marbling score occurred in MS115xMO animals and the lowest in MS115xF1 ones. In comparison to the genotypes selected for meat production, Moura breed affected the performance and carcass quality negatively, and affected the meat quality positively, depending on this breed proportion in the genotypes. Duroc breed affected meat quality positively in the genotypes. Diet-reduced amino acid contents increased marbling, regardless of the genotype.Index terms: Sus scrofa, marbling, nutrition, exotic breeds, Moura breed. IntroduçãoA produção de suínos evoluiu muito nas últimas décadas, em consequência de avanços no melhoramento genético, nutrição e sanidade. O alto padrão da carne suína, produzida atualmente, está relacionado a carcaças com baixa quantidade de gordura e à utilização de padrões sa...
No abstract
-The objective of the present study was to evaluate mortality and performance, darkling beetle population
RESUMO -Foram comparados quatro níveis de inclusão de lactose (0, 7, 14 e 21%) na dieta pré-inicial de leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, com o objetivo de definir qual o melhor nível de lactose para a dieta de desmame nesta idade. As dietas experimentais foram fornecidas do dia do desmame até 14 dias após e os leitões foram acompanhados até o final da fase de creche, aos 35 dias após o desmame. O ganho de peso diário (GPD) e o consumo de ração diário (CRD) de 0 a 14 dias após o desmame aumentaram linearmente (P<0,002, Y=151+3,26X e P<0,0002, Y=247+4,04X, respectivamente), enquanto a conversão alimentar (CA) reduziu linearmente (P<0,08, Y=1,73-0,011X), com o aumento dos níveis de lactose na dieta. No período total de creche (0 a 35 dias), o GPD e o ganho de peso total (GPT) aumentaram linearmente (P<0,14, Y=339+6X, Y=11,86+0,23X, respectivamente), com o aumento dos níveis de lactose. O peso médio dos leitões aos 14 (PM14), 28 (PM28) e 35 (PM35) dias após o desmame também elevou-se linearmente (P<0,006, Y=9,90+0,027X, P<0,08, Y=17,06+0,024X e P<0,14, Y=19,81+0,223X), em conseqüência do aumento dos níveis de lactose na dieta. Foi concluído que a suplementação da dieta com lactose nas duas primeiras semanas após o desmame melhorou o desempenho de leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade. A definição do melhor nível de inclusão de lactose nas dietas de desmame dependerá de uma avaliação do custo adicional desta suplementação em relação ao ganho obtido no desempenho.Palavras-chave: fontes de carboidratos, desempenho, desmame, fase inicial, fase pré-inicial Dietary Lactose Levels for Weaning PigsABSTRACT -The inclusion of four lactose levels (0, 7, 14 and 21%) in pre-starter diets for piglets was studied to determine the best level of lactose inclusion in weanling diets at this age. The experimental diets were fed from the weaning day to 14 days post weaning, but the performance was followed until the end of the nursery phase, at 35 days post weaning. The average daily gain (ADG) and the daily intake (CRD) from 0 to 14 days linearly increased (P<0.002, Y=151+3.26X and P<0.0002, Y=247+4.04X, respectively), while feed: gain ratio (C/A) showed linear reduction (P<0.08, Y=1.73-0.011X) as the dietary lactose levels increased. In the overall period of nursery (0 to 35 days), ADG and total weight gain (GPT) linearly improved (P<0.14, Y=339+6X, Y=11.86+0.23X, respectively), as the dietary lactose levels increased. The average live weight at 14 days (PM14), at 28 days (PM28) and at 35 days (PM35) post weaning also linearly improved (P<0.006, Y=9.90+0.027X, P<0.08, Y=17.06+0.024X and P<0.14, Y=19.81+0.223X, respectively) as the dietary lactose levels increased. It was concluded that feeding diets containing lactose on two first weeks post weaning improved the piglets performance weaned at 21 days of age. The best level of lactose inclusion in weanling diets at this age will depend on an evaluation of the additional cost of this supplementation related to the improvement at the performance.Key Words: carbohydrates sources, ...
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