The development of a dual-mode thickness-shear quartz pressure sensor to meet the demanding performance requirements of oil-field applications is discussed. The objective was to develop a sensor with an operating pressure range of 0-103.42 MPa (0.15 000 lb/in(2)), a temperature range of -10 to +175 degrees C, a pressure calibration accuracy of 6894.8 Pa (1 lb/in(2)), and resolution of 68.95 Pa (0.01 lb/in(2)) with 1-s counter gate time. Doubly rotated cuts with piezoelectric coupling to both the C-modes of vibration were investigated. A theoretical study and general design considerations in the development of such sensors are described. Experimental results were obtained for two sensor designs: one uses a cylindrical design with the SBTC-cut, and the other, called SPA, is a special resonator design vibrating around 5 MHz without any activity dips. Pressure sensitivity of approximately 145 Hz/MPa (1 Hz/lb/in(2)) at 175 degrees C is obtained. Laboratory evaluation of the static and dynamic performances is discussed for the prototypes based on the SPA design.
1.5 and 2 inch LGT, langatate (La3Ga5.5Ta0.5O14) crystals along the X[100], Y[120] and Z[001]-directions were successfully grown by the Czochralski technique.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.