Apresenta-se uma metodologia de análise com o objetivo de avaliarem-se os efeitos de irregularidades superficiais no tabuleiro sobre o comportamento de pontes rodoviárias submetidas à passagem de veículos. A resposta do sistema veículo-estrutura é obtida no domínio da freqüência segundo modelo probabilístico. Simula-se o tabuleiro das pontes com modelo de elementos finitos unidimensionais com massas discretizadas nos nós, o veículo por um sistema de massas, molas e amortecedores, e as irregularidades da pista são definidas por modelo não-determinístico com base na densidade espectral do perfil do pavimento. O carregamento é constituído por uma sucessão infinita de veículos igualmente espaçados deslocando-se com velocidade constante sobre o tabuleiro e a atenção é concentrada na fase permanente da resposta do sistema. Deduzem-se as expressões das densidades espectrais dos elementos da resposta a partir da densidade espectral do perfil irregular do pavimento e integram-se numericamente tais expressões para se chegar às médias quadráticas desses elementos. Observa-se a resposta do modelo matemático, com base em uma ponte rodoviária de concreto armado simplesmente apoiada, com seção tipo caixão e inércia constante, em termos de deslocamentos e esforços nas seções onde ocorrem os efeitos máximos. As conclusões versam sobre a adequação da metodologia desenvolvida e do modelo matemático empregado.
Brazilian territory is situated on an intraplate region with low seismic activity, and so, it is important to answer an old question that remains unanswered: "Should standard building structures in Brazil be guaranteed by a seismic resistant design?" In this way , a methodology is described and used to evaluate the annual failure probability of a structure model subjected to ground motions compatible with a defined provincial seismicity; the model strength is taken as the maximum shear and overturning moment at the base. One considers five different structure models for each Brazilian state capital city and evaluates the annual failure probability which provides arguments to answer the above question
The behaviour of a truss structure system, with straight cylindrical members, similar to those used in some type of offshore platforms is studied experimentally. Based on the similitude criteria and on available facilities a model is designed in order to simulate approximately an actual system, with a geometrical scale 1:lOO.The tests are performed in a wave channel under free vibration and subsequel tly under the action of regular waves, Conclusions are reached concerning the dynamical characteristics of the system, the behaviour and magnitude of the response. The data are compared with the results of analysis by computer using relatively standard techniques.sults are compared with an analysis made by computer under the general design atitu des and conclusions are reached concerning the dynamic characteristics of the system, the behaviour and magnitude of the response.The experimental phase o f the work was made at "Instituto de Pesquisas Hidrovizrias (INPH)", in Rio de Janeiro.
The Physical Model
Site and ChannelThe tests were accomplished in a regu lar wave channel, 45 . O m long by 0.8m wide, with a maximum depth of 1.40 m. The maximum workable frequency of the wave generator is 1.0 hertz. This became a serious limitation since there were many noises around this frequency which might have dis figured the true response.
IntroductionModel
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