Over-the-horizon (OTH) EIF radar using sky-wave propagation via refraction by the ionosphere is capable of detecting targets at distances an order of magnitude greater than conventional microwave radar limited by the line of sight. Some of the characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of OTH radar based on the erperience of the MADRE radar as developed by the Naval Research Laboratory are described. Also discussed is the application of OTH radar to air-trafEc control and to the remote sensing of sea conditions.

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