Periodontitis is a public health issue, being one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. However, the aetiology of the disease is still unclear: genetics of patients cannot explain the dispersed or isolated localisation of gingival pockets, while bacteria-based models are insufficient to distinguish gingivitis and periodontitis. The possible role of parasites in the establishment of periodontitis has been poorly studied until now. The aim of this project was to study a potential link between colonisation of gingival crevices by the amoeba Entamoeba gingivalis and periodontitis. In eight different dental clinics in France, samples were taken in periodontal pockets (72) or healthy sites (33), and submitted to microscopic observation and molecular identification by PCR with a new set of primers designed to specifically detect E. gingivalis. This blind sample analysis showed the strong sensitivity of PCR compared with clinical diagnosis (58/72 = 81%), and microscopy (51/65 = 78%). The results of this work show that the parasites detected by microscopy mainly – if not exclusively – belong to the species E. gingivalis and that the presence of the parasite is correlated with periodontitis.
22Traitement antiparasitaire des maladies parodontales et péri-implantites : suivi multicentrique à 12 mois
Dans le cas de brûlure à la face dorsale de la main, l'atteinte des tendons extenseurs est fréquente, avec dans environ 20 % des cas apparition d'une déformation en boutonnière [1]. Dans cet article, nous relatons notre expérience clinique quant à la prise en charge de ce type de déformation en maillet ou en boutonnière, en sachant qu'elle doit être la plus précoce possible pour améliorer le pronostic fonctionnel. Dans le cas d'atteinte des tendons extenseurs, nous proposons le port d'attelles statiques digitales en extension maintenues 24 heures/24 pendant six semaines. Après ces six semaines, en fonction de l'évolution, l'immobilisation peut être maintenue pendant trois mois au maximum. Avec le protocole que nous utilisons, nous avons pu observer la récupération d'une extension active au niveau de l'articulation concernée, ce qui suggère la reconstitution possible d'un tissu de type néotendon. Pour citer cette revue : Lett. Méd. Phys. Réadapt. 27 (2011). Mots clés Brûlure main · Main brûlée · Déformation en boutonnière · Doigt en maillet · Déformations main · OrthèseAbstract With burns of the dorsal aspect of the hand, the extensor tendons are often involved, with the development of a boutonnière deformity in approximately 20% of cases [1]. In this article we describe our clinical experience with the management of mallet finger and boutonnière deformity. To improve the functional prognosis, intervention should be as early as possible. When the extensor tendons are affected, we advise the application of static digital extension splints worn for 24 hours daily for 6 weeks. Following on from the initial 6 weeks, immobilisation may be continued if clinically indicated for a maximum period of 3 months. Using our protocol, we have seen recovery of active extension at the involved joint, which suggests the possible regeneration of tissue of a neo-tendinous type. To cite this journal: Lett. Méd. Phys. Réadapt. 27 (2011).
Les amputations des doigts aggravent considérable-ment le pronostic fonctionnel chez les patients grands brûlés. Dans les lésions unidigitales, c'est l'amputation du pouce qui est la plus invalidante ; elle nécessite une reconstruction secondaire, utilisant si nécessaire des techniques sophistiquées de reconstruction microchirurgicale par transfert d'orteil. Les amputations multiples des doigts peuvent être dévastatrices quand le pouce est atteint. Elles posent le maximum de problèmes et nécessitent une stratégie globale de reconstruction privilégiant le rétablissement d'une pince pollicidigitale à deux, voire si possible à trois doigts. Les résultats fonctionnels sont beaucoup plus limités quand les moignons sont courts. La conservation maximale de la longueur digitale doit être une des priorités dans le traitement à la phase aiguë, et justifie les procédés de couverture cutanée par lambeaux chaque fois que possible. Pour citer cette revue : Lett. Méd. Phys. Réadapt. 27 (2011). Mots clés Brûlure digitale · Amputation digitale · Pince pollicidigitale · Transfert d'orteilAbstract Amputation of fingers considerably worsens the functional prognosis in severely burned patients. Among cases where only one digit is involved, amputation of the thumb is the most incapacitating. This requires secondary reconstruction, if necessary with sophisticated microsurgical techniques employing transfer of a toe. Multiple amputations of fingers can be devastating when the thumb is affected. This situation presents a great number of problems and necessitates an overall reconstructive strategy favouring the reestablishment of pinch of the thumb with two or even three fingers. Functional results are much more limited when the stumps are short. The conservation of as much digital length as possible should be one of the priorities during treatment in the acute phase, and this goal justifies operations to obtain cover using skin flaps whenever possible. To cite this journal: Lett. Méd. Phys. Réadapt. 27 (2011).
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