Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia or increased blood glucose levels with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from absolute or relative lack of insulin secretion. The important pathogenic factors responsible for the development of metabolic disorder, insulin resistance, β-cells dysfunction, and finally diabetes are oxidative stress and tissue specific systemic inflammation. It was proven that drug which selectively inhibit the enzyme Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) benefit the insulin resistance diabetes. As the DPP-4 highly involved in the enzymatic degradation of GLP-1 and GIP required for insulin secretion. Due to increased adverse event caused by conventional anti-diabetic agents researchers are at constant need of exploring alternate therapeutic strategy for clinical management of diabetes mellitus. Siddha system of traditional medicine through its valuable phytocomponents therapy provides highly beneficial effects in treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes since several centuries. The main aim of the resent investigation is to screen the seven bioactive phytocomponents such as Beta Sitosterol, Glabrin, Kanjone, Pongol, Sterolin, Pinnantin, and Quercetin present in the formulation Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) against target protein Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 with PDB code 2P8S along with the standard sitagliptine using computational docking analysis. The results of the present investigation clearly shows that all the seven compound screened Insilco has tendency to binding with the most significant active site 205 GLU,206 GLU,209 SER,357 PHE,358 ARG,547 TYR, 710 ASN,711VALand 740 HIS present on the target protein DDP-4 which may be responsible for degradation of GLP-1 and GIPand hence from this it was concluded that the bioactive phytocomponents present in the formulation Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) has significant DDP-4 enzyme inhibition activity and there by promising anti-diabetic activity and may also be effective in clinical management of diabetes mellitus.

Turmeric has been shown with wide spectrum of biological action which includes Anti-mutagenic, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-diabetic, Anti bacterial, Anti viral, Hepatoprotective, Anti-fungal, Anti-protozoal, Anti-ulcer and Analgesic actions. Curcumin has the ability to inhibit carcinogenesis at three stages, namely tumour promotion, angiogenesis and tumour growth. Curcumin is also used topically to counteract inflammation and irritation associated with inflammatory skin conditions and allergies. This review focuses on the medicinal and pharmacological treatment of diseases with the medicinal values of turmeric.

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in which prevalence has been increasing steadily all over the world. As a result of this trend, it is fast becoming an epidemic in some countries of the world with the number of people affected expected to double in the next decade due to increase in ageing population, thereby adding to the already existing burden for healthcare providers, especially in poorly developed countries. Due to increased adverse event caused by conventional anti-diabetic agents researchers are at constant need of exploring alternate therapeutic strategy for clinical management of diabetes mellitus. Siddha system of traditional medicine through its valuable phytocomponents therapy provides highly beneficial effects in treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes since several centuries. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are drugs that inhibit the absorption of carbohydrates from the gut and may be used in the treatment of patients with type II diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. There are some increasing evidence that AGIs are beneficial to prevent or delay mortality in type II diabetes. The main aim of the resent investigation is to screen the seven bioactive phytocomponents such as Beta Sitosterol, Glabrin, Kanjone, Pongol, Sterolin, Pinnantin, Quercetin, Isolonchocarpin present in the formulation Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) against target protein Alpha-Glucosidase enzyme with PDB code 4J5Talong with the standard acarbose using computational docking analysis. The results of the present investigation clearly shows that out of eight compounds screened the compound such as Beta sitosterol, Glabrin, Sterolin and Isolonchocarpin has tendency to binding with the most significant active site 428 PHE of the enzyme target responsible for biological activity, when compare to the standard Acarbose with the binding affinity towards 392 ASP, 709 TYR and 771 GLU. Hence from the results of the present investigation it was concluded that the bioactive phytocomponents present in the formulation Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) has significant Alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity and there by promising anti-diabetic activity and may also be effective in clinical management of type II diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes Mellitus is a major health care problem in India with prevalence of about 66.8 million and it was expected to reach 80 million by the year 2025. Type II diabetes (T2DM) accounts for the majority of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in the world with its prevalence increasing sharply in recent decade.The inhibition of alpha-amylase an enzyme involved in the digestion of carbohydrates, can significantly reduce the post-prandial increase of blood glucose and therefore can be an important strategy in the management of blood glucose level in type II diabetic and borderline patients. The main aim of the present investigation is to screen the alpha amylase enzyme inhibition potential of novel phytocomponents such as Beta Sitosterol, Glabrin, Isolonchocarpin, Kanjone, Pongol, Sterolin, Pinnatin and Quercetin present in the formulation Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) against target protein alpha amylase receptor with PDB code 1HNY along with the standard acarbose using computational docking analysis. The results of the study indicate that the lead pinnatin has shown highest inhibition property similar to that of the standard acarbose. The second highest docking interaction possessed by beta sitosterol followed by this Isolonchocarpin, kanjone , pongol and quercetin. The leads such as glabrin and sterolin has no interaction with any of the significant amino acid residues on the target alpha amylase. Based on the results of the In-silico screening analysis it was concluded that the compound's such as pinnatin, beta sitosterol , Isolonchocarpin, kanjone ,pongol and quercetin present in the siddha formulation PPC may possess significant anti-diabetic property by inhibition of target enzyme alpha amylase.

The importance of medicinal plant in drug development is known to us and humans have used them for different diseases from the beginning of human history. Traditional folk treatment from wild plants has always guided researchers to search for novel medications to develop healthy life for humans and animals. In addition, some medicinal plants are still obscured within the plants which need to be scientifically evaluated. Pongamia pinnata is one such Indian traditional herb which offers numerous therapeutic benefits to mankind since several centuries. Siddha system of traditional medicine uses several valuable medicinal herbs for its formulations. Pungampoo Chooranam (PPC) is a novel siddha preparation which majorly comprises of Pongamia pinnata .The main aim of the present investigation is to carry out the qualitative, quantitative, fluorescent analysis and sterility evaluation of the formulation PPC. The result of the qualitative phytochemical analysis shows presence of alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, phenols, tannins, and carbohydrates. Results of quantitative analysis reveals that the total alkaloid level of the sample PPC was found to be 0.48 ± 0.05 mg/gm and the level of total tannins was 0.38 ± 0.02 mg/gm, whereas the level of Total phenols was found to be 0.78 ± 0.04 (GAE mg/gm).Further the sample is of highly sterile and free from E-coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion the results of the present investigation render some evidence based information about the siddha formulation Pungampoo Chooranam with respect to the nature and quantity of phytochemical present in it and also about the sterility and pattern of fluorescent emitting nature of the formulation PPC to the future researchers.