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A 2-year-old, male chimpanzee (Pun troglodytes) was introduced into a mixed group of chimpanzees on a 30-acre island surrounded by a water-filled moat. A few days after being released o n the island he was observed to be depressed and anorectic. Clinical examination revealed dehydration and loss of weight but no sign indicative of a specific condition. The animal died 24 h after the initiation of supportive therapy.The carcass was dehydrated and emaciated. The air sacs2 were hyperemic and contained some purulent material. There were numerous raised ulcers approximately 1 cm in diameter in the lower ileum adjacent to the ileocecal valve. The centers of these ulcers were gray-yellow ; small white nematodes could be expressed from them. Histologically the ulcerated areas were characterized by variable necrosis of the mucosa and muscularis mucosa, with a severe diffuse pleocellular exudate; many had nematodes in their deeper portions (Fig. 1). Mucosal abscesses also occurred.Many of the mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged and contained small white nodules. The nodules were composed of nematodes surrounded by necrotic debris and neutrophils (Fig. 2, 3). Nematodes from both locations had prominent lateral alae and a large posterior esophageal bulb. They were identified as Enterobius sp., probably E. anthropopitheci*.

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By accaptanca of this artidt for publication, tht publithir racognizts tht Govarnmsnt's (licansa) rights in any copyright and tha Govsrnrnant and it* authorized rapressntathws havt unrastrictsd right to reproduce in whoia or in part said artida undar any copyright sacursd by tht puMfshtr. Tha Los Alamos Sdantffie Laboratory raquasts that tha

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