A treadmill with vibration isolation and stabilization designed for the International Space Station (ISS) was evaluated during Shuttle mission STS-81. Three crew members ran and walked on the device, which floats freely in zero gravity. For the majority of the more than 2 hours of locomotion studied, the treadmill showed peak to peak linear and angular displacements of less than 2.5 cm and 2.5 degrees, respectively. Vibration transmitted to the vehicle was within the microgravity allocation limits that are defined for the ISS. Refinements to the treadmill and harness system are discussed. This approach to treadmill design offers the possibility of generating 1G-like loads on the lower extremities while preserving the microgravity environment of the ISS for structural safety and vibration free experimental conditions.

The Crew Exploration Vehicle Parachute Assembly System (CPAS) project is engaged in a multi-year design and test campaign to qualify a parachute recovery system for human use on the Orion Spacecraft. Test and simulation techniques have evolved concurrently to keep up with the demands of a challenging and complex system. The primary simulations used for preflight predictions and post-test data reconstructions are Decelerator System Simulation (DSS), Decelerator System Simulation Application (DSSA), and Drop Test Vehicle Simulation (DTV-SIM). The goal of this paper is to provide a roadmap to future programs on the test technique challenges and obstacles involved in executing a large-scale, multi-year parachute test program. A focus on flight simulation modeling and correlation to test techniques executed to obtain parachute performance parameters are presented.

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The organization chart at the end of these acknowledgments illustrates the project interfaces. The leadership and goal setting of G. L. Riner, DOE Transuranic Waste Program Manager, is acknowledged as a key success factor. He recognized the value of this technology and negotiated the critical agreement with DOE-HQ and AEAT to deploy the fluidic pulsed jet mixing system through the International Agreement. Throughout the project he set challenging goals for the team which required all of the project participants to stretch beyond the norm. J. Wengle, DOE-HQ, was most helpful and cooperative at key times in administering the International Agreement with AEAT. C. Mires, DOE-ORO Environmentai Technology Group Manager, and J. R. Noble-Dial, DOE-ORO Tank Focus Area Manager, provided the essential programmatic intefiacing for the key DOE EM50 programs to recognize the importance of this project. H. E. Peters, DOE-ORO Technical Services Division, provided essential coordination and facilitated integration of DOE's communications and resources. C. J. Pilj, DOE-ORO Facility Representative, provided field oversight of the project participants during the installation and operating phases of the project. The technical information in this report was provided by S. A. Taylor and D. J. Lashley of AEAT and J.W. Moore of Bechtel Jacobs Company LLC. Taylor was the principal investigator for the cold pilot test in the United Kingdom and was in charge of the pulse jet system design and its operations at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Lashley was responsible for the day-today management of the mixing operations. Moore provided facility information to support the design and led the design reviews; he also served as the lead designer for the tank access upgrades. T.L. Dahl and A.C. Lay of Tetra Tech NUS compiled technical information and coordinated the preparation of this report. The authors wish to acknowledge R.M. Jones of STEP, who provided some of the photographs and figures for this report. Jones was in charge of photographic and video coverage of operations. AEAT's U.S.-based engineering activities were managed by T. Boorman and E.L. Danfelt, along with their field manager for on-site installation, T.A. Damico. The leadership and organizing efforts of T.H. Monk, Bechtel Jacobs Company LLC, is also acknowledged. He was responsible for overall project planning and for integrating the activities of the various project participants into a high-performance work team. J.L. Stellern and J.T. Etheridge of ORNL Engineering provided essential coordination of engineering, construction, and technical support activities. J. H. Platfoot of LMES Engineering prepared safety analysis documentation for the project and aggressively facilitated the document review and approval process. C. B. Scott of the ORNL Waste Management Operations Division, along with P. S. Kirkham, D. J. Peterson, and B. D. Oakley, provided the operations support for interfacing the pulse jet system with the existing operating system and for accomplishing the successfi...

STE rThis report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. .3 .4 . .6 . .8 . .10 . .12 . .14 .15 . .17 . .19 . LIST OF FIGURES 26.Tank W-21 southwest comer after Campaign 4 (BVST-0723-4). . . . . 5 1 27. 28.Tank W-21 southeast comer after Campaign 4 (BVST-0718-4). . . . . 52Tank W-21 east side viewed south after Campaign 4 (BVST-0719 4). 53 29. 30.Tank Ridge National Laboratory ( O N ) . The pulse jet system, consisting of seven modular equipment skids, was installed and commissioned in about 7 weeks and operated remotely for 52 days to remove about 88% of the sludge in the tank. The system used specially designed fluidic jet pumps and pulse vessels, along with existing submerged nozzles for mixing the settled sludges with existing supernate in the tank. The operation also used existing piping and progressive cavity pumps for retrieval and transfer of the mixture. A total of 64,000 gal of liquid was required to transfer 6300 gal of sludge to the Melton Valley Storage Tanks (IvlVSTs) designated for consolidation of all ORNL RH-TRU sludges. Of the liquid used for the retrieval, 88% was existing or recycled tank supernate and only 7770 gal of additional process water was added to the system. Minimizing the addition of process water is extremely important at ORNL, where tank system storage capacity is limited. A simple manual sluicer was used periodically to wash down and aid the removal of localized sludge heels.After completion of the pulse jet campaigns, the manual sluicer was modified to provide a higher flow rate for removal of additional quantities of the remaining sludge heel. Six thousand gallons of process water was required to remove an additional 550 gal of sludge. After the manual sluicer operation, dilute nitric acid was added to the tank in an effort to dissolve the majority of the remaining 350 gal of sludge. After a contact time of several weeks under static conditions, the acid was mixed with the pulse jet system for several hours and transfemed from the tank. Ninety-eight percent of the sludge was removed from the tank, or about 7100 gal. It was estimated that about 100 gallons of sludge remained in the tank after this operation.