The present work provides evidence that mouse miR-20a promotes adipocyte progenitor cells to differentiate and this function may depend upon its inhibitory effects on Kdm6b and TGF-β signaling.

Background Our previous study had found that the abundance of Lactobacillaceae in stool of acute coronary syndrome patients was significantly decreased. Experiments have confirmed that Lactobacillus has the effects of anti-inflammation, regulating blood lipids and improving cardiac injury after myocardial infarction. Purpose To explore the relationship between Lactobacillus and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and its possible mechanism. Methods Patients with AMI who received emergency PCI from July 2017 to December 2018 in department of CCU were enrolled.Stool and blood samples were collected from all patients. The fecal 16S rDNA gene sequencing data from subjects were analyzed and subjects were categorized into Low, Medium and High level groups according to stool Lactobacillus measurements. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the relationship between Lactobacillus and prognosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to characterize the association between the risk of MACE and Lactobacillus levels. Spearman correlation analysis and trend test were used to assess the relationship between Lactobacillus and Clinical index. Results A total of 254 patients were included in the analysis. The age was 65.90±11.56 years old,and 152 (59.84%) were male. The follow-up time was 652 (548.25, 753) days. Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients with Lactobacillus >7.1 copies/g presented lower risk of MACE (HR=0.179, 95% CI 0.076–0.422, P<0.001), compared to patients with Lactobacillus ≤3.6 copies/g.This difference was statistically significant in STEMI (HR=0.210, 95% CI 0.082–0.542, P=0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that Lactobacillus was a protective factor,whereas the value was more evident for male smokers over 60 years old and whose BNP over 1000 pg/mL.Spearman correlation analysis showed that Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with WBC, NEUT, hs-CRP, TNT, CK, CK-MB and BNP, while positively correlated with LVEF. With the increasing of Lactobacillus, WBC, NEUT, hs-CRP, TNT, CK, CK-MB and BNP showed a downward trend, while LVEF had an upward trend. Conclusion Lactobacillus can significantly reduce the risk of MACE in STEMI patients treated by PCI, especially for male smokers over 60 years old. The underlying mechanism may be related to the fact that Lactobacillus can reduce inflammatory reaction, lessen cardiac injury and improve cardiac function. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): the Key Project of Scientific and Technological Support Plan of Tianjin in 2020 Correlation analysis between Lactobacill Subgroup analysis in different patients

Background 1. Studies have found that gut microbiota is a new participant and potential therapeutic target for CVD and even MI. 2. No clinical study to date, however, has investigated whether the changes of gut microbiota associated with coronary lesion degree and prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aim We prospectively investigated associations, of gut microbiota in their feces and coronary lesion degree, and long-term prognosis of patients with ACS. Methods 1. In prospective cohort study, a total 502 subjects including 402 ACS patients and 100 controls. Fecal specimens were used to extract bacterial genomic DNA 2. 16S rDNA sequence of bacteria were generated to analyse specific gut microbial taxa associated with ACS onset for 60 ACS patients and 30 healthy controls. 3. Specific primers were designed according to the 16S rDNA sequence of bacteria for real time PCR reaction to determine the number of different bacteria. 4. All ACS patients calculated SYNTAX score by coronary radiography results and followed up for one year. The correlation of gut microbiota with coronary angiographic severity and prognosis in the ACS patients was analyzed. Results 1. Compared with the control group,the number of bacteria in Escherichia coli, Streptococcus and Enterobacteriaceae increased significantly (P<0.05) and Lactobacillus decreased significantly (P<0.05) in patients with ACS. 2. Lactobacillus were independent predictors of coronary angiographic severity in patients with ACS (HR=0.953; 95% CI: 0.935–0.970, P<0.001). 3. Decreased Lactobacillus levels were independent protection factors with all-cause death (HR=0.954; 95% CI: 0.913–0.997, P=0.038) and risk of major adverse cardiac events (HR=0.952; 95% CI: 0.929–0.976, P<0.001),especially for heart failure in long-term prognosis(HR=0.960; 95% CI: 0.932–0.989, P=0.007). Conclusion 1. Number of Lactobacillus are significantly decreased in patients with ACS,and associated with SYNTAX score,suggesting that Lactobacillus is associated with severity of coronary artery disease, all-cause death and MACE. 2. It provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of ACS. Real time PCR Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Major Science and Technology Projects of Tianjin Science and Technology Commission in 2016