The present paper aims to analyse the state wise educational status of Muslims in India. It also aims to compare the educational status of muslims with the educational status of other religious communities in India. The country level and state level published data have been obtained from census of India. At the same time the association between the educational status of muslims is sought with their socioeconomic development. The results have revealed that the educational status of Muslims in India is not satisfactory and needs special attention. It is found that more than half i.e., 53.95 per cent of the total population of the Muslims in India is illiterate with 17.48 per cent literate people just for the name sake only. Technical education or higher education is meager among the muslims. From the results it is also clear that Muslims who accounts for 13.46 per cent of the total population of the nation show lowest literacy rate, lowest percentage of higher education and lowest degree of female education. Budhist who only claim for less than half per cent of the total population of the country are most literate. The percentage of higher education, sex ratio and female literacy rate is also highest in this religious community.

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The present paper is an attempt to analyse the spatial patterns of migration, variations in the level of socio-economic development and the relationship between total migration (dependent variable) and selected variables of development (independent variables) among the states of India. The entire research work is based on secondary sources of data, collected from Census of India publications (2011), Migration Table – D Series, Handbook of Statistics of Indian States, Primary Census Abstract of India and Basic Road Statistics of India. The boundary of a state has been taken as the smallest unit of the study. The present study reveals that, from the southern part of the country, the level of migration changes rapidly from high to low grade towards the north. On the other hand, the states lying in the western and eastern part experienced medium to high level of migration in comparison to the north-eastern states having a low level of migration in India. The level of development is high or medium in northern, western and southern states in comparison to the states, lying in the eastern and north-eastern parts of the country.

We report a straightforward, metal-free, efficient protocol for the synthesis of 2-phenylnaphthalenes from 1-phenylethane-1,2-diols under mild conditions. In this strategy, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol is used as a solvent that stabilizes the reaction intermediate. An in situ IR experiment revealed that the reaction proceeds through the formation of phenylacetaldehyde followed by a [4+2] Diels–Alder reaction. Several control experiments were performed to gain mechanistic insights into the reaction.

The present research paper is an attempt to analyse the spatial patterns of rural beggars' demographic characteristics, literacy, employment, income, household infrastructural facilities and their socioeconomic status. The study is based on primary source of data, collected through the field survey in the Aligarh district carried out during 2009 and altogether, 496 households of beggars were surveyed for the present study from the 70 villages of the district. Spatial analysis reveals the fact that the high level of demographic, literacy, employment, infrastructural facilities among rural beggars is witnessed in the peripheral parts of the district while, high level of per capita income is found in the central part of the study area. However, the overall analysis reveals the fact that the peripheral parts of the district are more developed than the central parts.