The contribution of work in the occurrence of mental health problems prompts us to question the conditions which favour a successful return to work. The goals of this study are to describe the profile of workers who have been absent due to a mental health problem and to compare those who returned to those who did not, and those for whom there was resolution or non resolution of their health problem. This study among public sector employees was cross-sectional. Data was collected using mailed questionnaires and analyses were performed for 1850 respondents. The results show a significant difference between those who were back at work and those who were not, based on the cause they reported for their absence from work. Improved working conditions accompanying return to work may be a major determinant of health recovery and successful return to work, and ensure job retention.Au cours des dernières décennies, les milieux de travail ont connu de grands bouleversements qui ne sont pas sans effets sur la capacité de travail et de maintien en emploi des individus, mais aussi sur leur santé mentale. Selon Vinet (2004), la hausse vertigineuse des absences en raison d’un problème de santé mentale au travail et la hausse proportionnelle des primes d’assurance collective qui s’ensuit témoignent de l’ampleur et de la profondeur de ce phénomène. Les problèmes de santé mentale au travail représentent actuellement l’une des plus importantes causes d’absence au travail, et ce phénomène a connu une croissance marquée au cours des dernières années (Banham, 1992 ; Conti et Burton, 1994 ; Gabriel et Liimatainen, 2000 ; Karttunen, 1995 ; Vézina, 1996 ; Vézina et Bourbonnais, 2001 ; Nystuen, Hagen et Herrin, 2001). Ils peuvent avoir des effets particulièrement incapacitants et entraînent généralement de longues périodes d’invalidité, ces problèmes sont persistants en plus de comporter un risque élevé de rechutes (Conti et Burton, 1994 ; Druss, Schlesinger et Allen, 2001). Des études ont montré que la durée d’une incapacité de travail à la suite d’une dépression serait environ deux fois et demie plus longue que celle occasionnée par d’autres maladies (Gabriel et Liimatainen, 2000). Aussi, l’absence de mesures de soutien lors de la réinsertion professionnelle peut conduire à la construction d’une incapacité permanente de travail et mener à la marginalisation et à l’exclusion sociale. Malgré l’ampleur des absences au travail et l’inquiétude que peut susciter ce phénomène, les études sur la réinsertion professionnelle des travailleurs qui s’absentent en raison d’un problème de santé psychologique demeurent parcellaires. Aussi, les objectifs de cette étude sont, d’une part, de décrire le profil des travailleurs qui se sont absentés en raison d’un problème de santé mentale et, d’autre part, de les comparer selon l’issue de leur réinsertion professionnelle, soit le retour ou non au travail et la résolution ou non de leur problème de santé.Cette étude a été réalisée à l’aide d’un questionnaire auprès d’employés des secteurs publique et parapubli...
BackgroundSurvivors’ testimonies can reveal much about men’s experiences of prostate cancer and impacts on their quality of life (QOL) during the clinical trajectory of the disease. These survivors’ shared thoughts and views were hypothesized to reflect salient features of their lived social representation of prostate cancer.ContextWe explored the content of testimonies posted by men to a public blog hosted by a French national prostate cancer patients’ association. The study question, “What do French bloggers’ testimonies reveal about their lived experiences with prostate cancer, especially regarding their quality of life in community settings, that underpin their social representation of prostate cancer?” guided the exploration and analysis of the textual data. The aims were to better understand men’s experiences and predominant thoughts and views, to elucidate patients’ behaviours, and to enlighten medical policy and practice.PurposeExplore issues of QOL as reported by French prostate cancer survivors in a public blog by: (a) identifying the salient aspects and issues of the experience of living with prostate cancer from the perspective of survivors; and (b) analyzing the content in the posted testimonies regarding perceived and lived impacts of prostate cancer on QOL.MethodsA critical ethnographic study guided the selection of textual data from 196 male bloggers’ testimonies about prostate cancer posted in the period from 2008 to 2013. Media content analysis method was undertaken on blog testimonies, framed by a multidimensional conceptual framework of QOL.ResultsTestimonies focused mainly on medical care and rehabilitation, recovery, health education and self-care, as well as on a global vision of prostate cancer and its impacts on personal views of manhood and masculinity. The language used indicated that political, educative and compassionate discourses were intertwined to create a complex representation of the experience and effects of prostate cancer; this multi-faceted representation can inform the public and professional debate about men’s capacity to provide emotional support and problem-solve within a community of interest.ConclusionFindings, while based on data limited to mostly one-time entries to a French blog, contribute to understanding a unique, collective expression of men’s lived experiences of prostate cancer. These anonymous survivors shared their varied reactions, ways of coping, and thoughts on needed change.
Le but de cette étude est de mieux comprendre les facteurs impliqués dans le processus de réinsertion professionnelle à la suite d’une absence en raison d’un problème de santé mentale. La méthodologie est basée sur des données d’entrevues individuelles colligées auprès de travailleurs qui s’étaient absentés pour un problème de santé mentale, certifié par un diagnostic médical. L’analyse de la trajectoire des personnes permet de saisir l’articulation entre les événements qui ont précédé l’arrêt de travail, le processus de restauration des capacités et les conditions qui favorisent ou empêchent le retour au travail. Cette étude a permis de concevoir l’arrêt de travail et le processus de restauration des capacités comme étant une étape charnière entre le processus de désinsertion et de réinsertion professionnelle et de construire un modèle qui rend compte de la dynamique de l’ensemble des facteurs impliqués.The aim of this study is to better understand the factors involved in the process of professional reintegration following an absence because of a mental health problems. The methodology is based on data collected from individual interviews with workers who were on a sick leave for reasons of mental health problems as certified by a medical diagnosis. The analysis of the path of people allows to better seize the articulation between events preceding the work interuption, the process of restoration of capacities and conditions favoring or hindering the return to work. This study allows to conceive the interruption of work and the process of restoration of capacities as a turning point between the process of deintegration and professional reintegration and build a model that encompasses the dynamic of the whole factors involved.El objetivo de este estudio es de comprender mejor los factores implicados en el proceso de reinserción profesional después de una ausencia debido a un problema de salud mental. La metodología se basa en los datos recopilados durante las entrevistas individuales con los trabajadores que se ausentaron por un problema de salud mental, certificado por un diagnóstico médico. El análisis de la trayectoria de las personas permite comprender la articulación entre los eventos que precedieron la interrupción del trabajo, el proceso de restauración de las capacidades y las condiciones que favorecen o impiden el regreso al trabajo. Este estudio permitió concebir la interrupción del trabajo y el proceso de restauración de las capacidades, como una etapa de articulación entre el proceso de desinserción y de reinserción profesional, y construir un modelo que toma en cuenta la dinámica del conjunto de factores implicados.O objetivo deste estudo foi melhor compreender os fatores envolvidos no processo de reinserção profissional, após um afastamento por motivos de saúde mental. A metodologia usada no estudo baseou-se nos dados recolhidos em entrevistas individuais realizadas com pessoas que tinham ausentado-se do trabalho devido a um problema de saúde mental, confirmado por diagnóstico médico. A análise da tr...
Purpose -In large urban centres, immigrants are employed by businesses in which there is a high incidence of serious or fatal occupational injuries. This paper aims to present findings on the lack of knowledge and understanding in terms of: explanations for the implementation or lack of, procedures; technical expertise in prevention and the inability of the internal actors to implement changes. Design/methodology/approach -A study design with a comparison group is used. The observation sample is comprised of 21 small businesses (SB), of which 16 meet the following criteria: the enterprise had fewer than 50 employees; and at least 25 per cent of the workers were born outside the country. The other five serve as a comparison group; the only difference in these SB is that they employ fewer (,25 per cent) immigrant workers. Findings -The findings indicate that SB employing immigrants have totally or partially failed to implement health and safety management in area of occupational health and safety. Practical implications -Implementation of safety management is impeded by numerous factors, including a partial or biased understanding, from managers and workers, on occupational health and safety rules. Democratic participation is to be encouraged so that management and workers get more involved in actual prevention strategies implementing health and safety measures. Social implications -Active participation of workers in workplace is essential in global health improvement, as related by Armataya Sen on concept of "substantial freedom". Originality/value -The paper focuses on health and safety management in SB employing immigrants
Il est fait état dans ce texte de développements récents au Québec, d’un type de recherche sociale intégrée dans des établissements de santé et de services sociaux, des centres affiliés universitaires ou instituts de recherche. L’examen plus spécifique d’un cas, un centre de recherche sociale dans un CSSS permet de mettre en lumière une approche particulière de la pratique sociologique, la sociologie clinique. Plusieurs dimensions de l’approche sont ainsi explorées : le concept d’individu sujet et acteur social, l’échange des savoirs, des dispositifs d’une recherche participative illustrée à travers un exemple de recherche, les enjeux éthiques. Il est fait état finalement des limites et des conditions de développement d’un tel type de recherche en partenariat, universités et établissements de santé. La contribution spécifique de la sociologie pourrait être définie comme une clinique du social, où l’individu, comme sujet et acteur social, occupe une place centrale.This text reports recent developments in a special type of social research integrated into health institutions and social services, university-affiliated centres, and research institutes in Quebec. The specific examination of one case, a social research centre within a Health and Social Services Centre, brings to light a particular approach in sociological practice, namely clinical sociology. Several aspects of this approach are thus explored: the concept of the individual subject and social agent, the exchange of knowledges, various systems of participative research illustrated through a case study, and the ethical stakes involved. Finally, the text reports on the limits and conditions of development of such a type of research in partnership between universities and health institutions. The specific contribution of sociology can be defined as a socially-oriented clinical activity where the individual, understood as subject and social agent, occupies a central place.Se tiene en cuenta en este texto la evolución reciente en Québec, de un tipo de investigación social integrada tanto en establecimientos de salud y servicios sociales, como en Centros afiliados universitarios o Institutos de investigación. El examen más específico de un caso, un Centro de investigación social en un CSSS, permite sacar a la luz un enfoque particular de la práctica sociológica, la sociología clínica. Se exploran así varias dimensiones del enfoque : el concepto de individuo sujeto y protagonista social, el intercambio de los conocimientos, los dispositivos de una investigación participativa ilustrada a través de un ejemplo de investigación, las problemáticas éticas. Se describe finalmente los límites y las condiciones de desarrollo de tal tipo de investigación en asociación, universidad y establecimientos de salud. La contribución específica de la sociología podría definirse como una clínica de lo social, donde el individuo, como sujeto y protagonista social ocupa un lugar central
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