Cryopreservation as a technique for reproduction is used to preserve the genetic complements on domestic animals and humans (Lee et al., 2014;Kim et al., 2020).Especially, cryopreservation technology provides ad-ditional opportunity of pregnancy through the vitrifiedwarmed process in animal embryos. This is applied as a necessary technique for pregnancy using in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos to solve the difficulty of female infertility (Hara et al., 2018). However, cryopreservation method is accompanied by cryoinjury such as the reactive

Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos in assisted reproductive technology for application in domestic animals and humans is very important to preserve the maternal and paternal genetic complements. Cryopreservation allows widespread use of valuable animal embryos to improve the chances of pregnancy. However, intracellular ice formation in cryopreservation methods for oocytes and embryos can lead to fatal damage. To overcome this issue of intracellular ice formation, slow freezing and vitrification methods are most widely used (Mucci et al., 2006).The balance of redox reactions in cells is very crucial for maintaining the metabolic environment and gene expression during embryonic development. However, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were seen in preimplantation embryos of cattle (Min et al., 2014). ROS, such as hydrogen peroxide, cause oxidative stress, which is known to cause DNA damage and apoptosis (Takahashi, 2012). Therefore, regulating oxidative stress and ROS production during the vitrification-warming process is criti-

Embryos produced in vitro are lower in quality than those produced in vivo (Mahdavinezhad et al., 2019). Fur-thermore, the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidants in germ cells could improve their developmental potential until blastocyst (Aitken, 2020). The deficiency of antioxidant capacity within the follicle de-