New generation technologies provide alternative ways of assessing the female pelvis, and provide improved estimates of the incidence of uterine leiomyoma. To determine the incidence of uterine leiomyoma and other incidental findings, the request forms for pelvic ultrasound scan and the scan results of 2,034 consecutive women was reviewed. There were 586 women with scan-detected uterine leiomyoma giving an incidence of 29.9%, although only 3% of the women had clinically suspected leiomyoma. Pain was the leading indication for a pelvic ultrasound scan in women without a uterus, whereas in women with a uterus, bleeding was the leading indication. Other scan findings included ovarian cyst, 11.4% and polycystic ovaries, 7.5%. Uterine leiomyoma was four times more frequent in women over 40 years (odds ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval, 3.3-5.0). These women were two times more likely to have multiple leiomyomas (OR 2.01, 95% CI, 1.4-2.8) and 30% more likely to have large leiomyomas (OR 1.3, 95% CI, 1.0-2.1).

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal reces

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INTRODUCTIONPremature rupture of membranes (PROM) remains a problem of great relevance and interest to obstetricians. PROM can occur before 37 weeks of pregnancy called preterm PROM. While term PROM denotes as rupture of the membranes prior to the onset of labour at or beyond 37 weeks of gestation. The incidence of term PROM is 8%. Spontaneous labour follows term PROM at 24, 48 and 96 hours in 70%, 85% and 95% of women, respectively.1 Thus, an important proportion of women have significant latency from PROM to delivery if managed expectantly, particularly nulliparous women. In majority of cases the cause of PROM is not known but some of the causes are increased friability and decreased tensile strength of the membrane, multiple pregnancy, ABSTRACTBackground: Premature rupture of membranes at term can be managed expectantly with good results. However, low bishop score may lead to undue latency. It can lead to complications if no intervention done. So, timely intervention by labour induction in selected cases can improve maternal and fetal outcome. Prostaglandins has very vital role for induction of labour. This study is to compare the effectiveness between the two molecules of prostaglandins PGE 1 and PGE 2 for induction of labour in term premature rupture of membrane (PROM). Methods: It is a prospective interventional study performed at a tertiary hospital attached to a medical college. It was conducted upon randomly selected 100 women of term PROM from April 2011 to April 2015. They were divided into two comparable groups each containing 50 women. Both the groups were comparable in age, parity and bishop score. One group was induced with PGE 1 (Tab Misoprostol) and the other with PGE 2 (Dinoprostone gel). Results: Among 100 women, a good number of women were primigravida (76%). Majority of women were induced in between 6 to 12 hours after PROM (69%). Vaginal deliveries were 68% in tab. Misoprostol group while 80% in dinoprostone gel group which are comparable in both the groups. The significant difference observed was average induction delivery interval, which was 11.26 hours in tab. misoprostol group and 14.72 hours in dinoprostone gel group (P=0.004). The other women (26%) underwent cesarean section. Among them 46.15% were done for fetal distress and 43.84% for induction failure. Conclusions: Both the molecules of prostaglandins are efficient for labour induction in term PROM. Though, PGE 1 (tab. Misoprostol) is faster acting as compare to PGE 2 (dinoprostone gel) even with low bishop score. But it can lead to complications like hyperstimulation, fetal distress and postpartum hemorrhage if not used properly. So, tab misoprostol is not a safe drug where continuous monitoring of women is not available.

Background: Medical termination of pregnancy has been legalized in India since 1971. Medical abortion pill is well effective in early weeks of pregnancy. It is safe only when it is used under medical supervision. This study was carried out to analyse the complications following self-medication of abortion pills and to suggest measures to prevent such practice.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at our hospital from March 2017 to July 2017.Results: In present study 30 (75%) patients were in age group of 20-30 years. Illiterate patients were 22 (55%). Half of the patients, 20 (50%) were having three or more than three children. Majority of women 30 (75%) had consumed the abortion pills 1-10 days before coming to the hospital and 14 (35%) of patients had come with complain of excessive bleeding per vagina. Incomplete abortion was present in 32 (80%) of patients. Instrumental evacuation was required in 28 (87.5%) patients. Laparotomy for ruptured ectopic and rupture uterus was performed in 1 (2.5%) of each patient. 6 (15%) patients were severely anaemic. Transfusion of blood was required in 9 (22.5%) of patients.Conclusions: Medical abortion is effective and safe when carried out under medical supervision. Unsupervised use of medical abortion pills was associated with many complications like incomplete abortion, rupture ectopic and ruptured uterus. So, over the counter sale of medical abortion pill should be restricted.