With an expected incidence of more than 1 million cases by 2025, liver cancer remains a problem for world health. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, accounting for nearly 90% of cases. Hepatitis B and C virus infection, alcohol abuse, and smoking are the main risk factors for developing HCC. Furthermore, the molecular pathogenesis of HCC linked with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is distinct. A quarter of all HCCs have potentially treatable mutations that have not yet been implemented in clinical practice. The current hurdle in diagnosis is the requirement for molecular data that necessitates tissue or liquid biopsies.