Periodontitis is one of the most widespread oral diseases. Medicated in-situ gels of Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride for extended period of retention in infected cavity were prepared for improved local action for the treatment of periodontitis. Medicated formulations were prepared using temperature sensitive (poloxamer 407), ion sensitive (gellan gum) and pH sensitive (carbopol 934P) polymers. 32 Full Factorial Design has been applied and prepared batches were characterized by FTIR, pH, syringeability, drug content, clarity, gelation temperature, gelling time, in-vitro gelling capacity, in-vitro diffusion study. Gelation temperature, (in-vitro) gelling time and the nature of gel formed in simulated saliva showed polymeric concentration dependency. Diffusion study of in-situ gel had been performed which showed augmented arrival of medication from 7-12 hours and the discharge was dependent on polymer utilized. The best fitted model was zero order kinetics which indicated that the formulation gave controlled delivery. All preparations were non-Newtonian and display pseudoplastic conduct. Invitro Antimicrobial study was carried out by utilizing E. coli and S. aureus. Optimized formulation containing 19.072 %w/v poloxamer 407 and 0.245 %w/v gellan gum exhibited desired characteristics for developing periodontal drug delivery systems.

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Background: The objective of this study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of poorly water soluble anti-hyperlipidemic drugs-Ezetimibe in combination with Simvastatin. Methods: This study describes a 32 full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of drug loaded lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the high speed homogenization technique. The independent variables amount of lipid (GMS) and amount of surfactant (Poloxamer 188) were studied at three levels and arranged in a 32 factorial design to study the influence on the response variables- particle size, % entrapment efficiency (%EE) and cumulative drug release (% CDR) at 24 h. Results: The particle size, % EE and % CDR at 24 h for the 9 batches (B1 to B9) showed a wide variation of 104.6-496.6 nm, 47.80-82.05% (Simvastatin); 48.60-84.23% (Ezetimibe) and 54.64-92.27% (Simvastatin); 43.8-97.1% (Ezetimibe), respectively. The responses of the design were analysed using Design Expert 10.0.2. (Stat-Ease, Inc, USA), and the analytical tools of software were used to draw response surface plots. From the statistical analysis of data, polynomial equations were generated. Optimized formulation showed particle size of 169.5 nm, % EE of 75.43% (Simvastatin); 79.10% (Ezetimibe) and 74.13% (Simvastatin); 77.11% (Ezetimibe) %CDR after 24 h. Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication of solubilisation of drugs within lipid matrix. Conclusion: Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating no interaction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electron microscope of transmission techniques indicated sphere form of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size approximately around 100 nm.

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Asenapine maleate (ASM) is a new second-generation antipsychotic approved in August 2009 by U.S FDA for the acute treatment of schizophrenia and manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder in adults. It shows poor oral bioavailability of < 2% due to extensive first pass metabolism in liver. The present study was aimed at developing and characterizing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of ASM.SLNs were prepared by solvent injection method by employing Compritol ATO 888 as the lipid matrix and Poloxamer 188 as stabilizer. A 3 2 full factorial design was employed to study the influence of independent variables (amount of lipid and % surfactant) on dependent variables (particle size, and % entrapment efficiency). Optimized ASM-loaded SLNs were further studied for zeta potential, in vitro drug release and TEM. Nanoparticles were lyophilized to improve the physical stability and obtain free flowing powder. Mannitol was employed as a cryoprotectant. Lyophilized ASM-loaded SLNs were characterized using DSC and XRD. The optimized ASM-loaded SLNs exhibited mean particle size 318.5 ± 3.2 nm; polydispersity index of 0.255; zeta potential -29.75 ± (-0.92) mV; entrapment efficiency 53.13 ± 1.77 %; drug release extended up to 36 hours. TEM image exhibited spherical smooth surfaced nanoparticles. Accelerated stability studies of optimized ASM-loaded SLNs and Lyophilized ASM-loaded SLNs revealed its stability. The formulation developed shows reduction in dose and dosing frequency and thus reduces dose related side effects and improved patient compliance.