Titration is a method of quantitative/chemical analysis which can be used to determine the concentration of a known reactant. Mixed solvency has been widely used to enhance the aqueous solubility of a large number of poorly watersoluble drugs. Various organic solvents like methanol, chloroform, dimethyl formamide and ethanol have been employed for solubilization of poorly watersoluble drugs. Organic solvents because of their higher cost, toxicities and pollution are not used as solvent. In the present investigation a sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, sodium salicylate solution (an economic agent) was employed as a hydrotropic solubilizing agent to solubilize the poorly water-soluble drug aceclofenac for its titrimetric analysis in bulk sample and tablets precluding the use of organic solvent. The proposed method is new, simple, precise and inexpensive. The results of the analysis have been validated statistically. The mean % recoveries were found to be close to 100, indicating the accuracy of the proposed method.

The solubility of etodolac in binary solvent system i.e. methanol water system was analyzed in term of solute solvent interaction using extended Hildebrand solubility approach (EHSA).The solubility equation employs the term interaction energy (W) to replace the geometric mean (δ1δ2), where δ1 and δ2 are the cohesive energy densities for the solvent and solute, respectively. The new equation provides an accurate prediction of solubility once the interaction energy 'W' is obtained. In this case, the energy term is regressed against a polynomial in δ1 of the binary mixture. TisconSonicator A-72 & UV-Visibile spectrophotometer shimadzu UV-1700 were used in prediction & evaluation of solubility of Etodolac. Ideal Solubility of Etodolac was calculated by heat of fusion and absolute melting point obtained from DSC data reported in literature. Molar volume and solubility parameter of Etodolac were calculated from Fedor fragmental constant using floatation & experimentally solubility method. Results showed the solubility of Etodolac in the binary solvent, methanol-water shows a bell-shaped profile with a solubility maximum well below the ideal solubility of the drug. This is an attribute to solvation of the drug with the methanol-water mixture, and indicates that the solute-solvent interaction energy is larger than the geometric mean (δ1δ2) of regular solution. It was observed that in binary Methanol water system maximum solubility occurs at 17.

Title: Preeclampsia rates are elevated during winter month when sunlight dependent vitamin D production is reduced. Aim: To assess maternal vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. Settings and Design:Nested case control study. Two maternal blood sample, one at <20 wks and other at term along with cord blood at delivery were taken. Patients were classified into preeclampsia (n=57) and control group (n=178) after abstracting past medical records at delivery. Methods and Material: Vitamin D was estimated by 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 125 I RIA Kit and categorized according to ACOG (2011) criteria. Statistical analysis used: Pearson χ 2 , ANOVA and logistic regression were used. Linear correlation and regression coefficient was used between maternal 25(OH) D at <20 wks and term and cord serum 25(OH)D levels. Results: serum 25(OH)D concentrations in early pregnancy were 56% significantly lower in women who subsequently developed preeclampsia compared with controls (mean, 9.79 ± 4.09 ng/ml , 95% CI, 8.71-10.88 ng/ml, vs. 22.26 ± 15.28 ng/ml and, 95%CI, 20.0-24.52 ng/ml; P<0.001) independent of age, BMI, calcium intake, socioeconomic status, periconceptional multivitamin use, residence. There was 17 times increased risk of preeclampsia in vitamin D deficient mothers compared to controls at early pregnancy and at term. (P<0.001; rr =17.93). Newborns of preeclamptic mothers were more than three times as likely as newborns of controls to have hypovitaminosis D(relative risk 3.55). Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in early pregnancy and is an independent risk factor for preeclampsia.