Background: Diosmin is a flavonoid obtained from the citrus fruits of the plants. Diosmin has blood lipid lowering activities, antioxidant activity, enhances venous tone and microcirculation, protects capillaries, mainly by reducing systemic oxidative stress. Objective: The present study demonstrates the potential of Diosmin against the enzymes aldose reductase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase involved in diabetes and its complications by in vitro evaluation and reverse molecular docking studies. Method: The assay of aldose reductase was performed by using NADPH as starting material and DL-Glyceraldehyde as a substrate. DNS method was used for alpha amylase inhibition and in alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside (pNPG) was used as substrate. The reverse molecular docking studies was performed by using Molegro software (MVD) with grid resolution of 30 Å. Result: Diosmin shows potent inhibitory effect against aldose reductase (IC50:333.88±0.04 µg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50:410.3±0.01 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50: 404.22±0.02 µg/mL) respectively. The standard drugs shows moderate inhibitory activity for enzymes. The MolDock Score of Diosmin was -224.127 against aldose reductase, -168.17 against α-glucosidase and -176.013 against α-amylase respectively, which was much higher than standard drugs. Conclusion: From the result it was concluded that diosmin was a potentially inhibitor of aldose reductase, alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes then the standard drugs and it will be helpful in the management of diabetes and its complications. This will also be benevolent to decrease the socio economical burden on the middle class family of the society.

The solubility of etodolac in binary solvent system i.e. methanol water system was analyzed in term of solute solvent interaction using extended Hildebrand solubility approach (EHSA).The solubility equation employs the term interaction energy (W) to replace the geometric mean (δ1δ2), where δ1 and δ2 are the cohesive energy densities for the solvent and solute, respectively. The new equation provides an accurate prediction of solubility once the interaction energy 'W' is obtained. In this case, the energy term is regressed against a polynomial in δ1 of the binary mixture. TisconSonicator A-72 & UV-Visibile spectrophotometer shimadzu UV-1700 were used in prediction & evaluation of solubility of Etodolac. Ideal Solubility of Etodolac was calculated by heat of fusion and absolute melting point obtained from DSC data reported in literature. Molar volume and solubility parameter of Etodolac were calculated from Fedor fragmental constant using floatation & experimentally solubility method. Results showed the solubility of Etodolac in the binary solvent, methanol-water shows a bell-shaped profile with a solubility maximum well below the ideal solubility of the drug. This is an attribute to solvation of the drug with the methanol-water mixture, and indicates that the solute-solvent interaction energy is larger than the geometric mean (δ1δ2) of regular solution. It was observed that in binary Methanol water system maximum solubility occurs at 17.

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