Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the adoption of e-banking in Colombia, including a comprehensive analysis of consumer trust in this type of transaction and of the impact of the current government policy to promote e-commerce. Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation based on the UTAUT2 model collected data from throughout the country to develop 600 online questionnaires. Findings The proposed model was validated in that the factors hypothesised to build trust in the use of electronic banking were shown to be significant: trust, performance expectancy and effort expectancy had a positive impact on the use of financial websites in Colombia, while government support did not have a significant impact. Research limitations/implications The study explains the antecedents to trust, as well as the government support variable, and concludes by producing a model that is highly successful in predicting financial customers’ online behaviour. Practical implications The results can help Colombia’s Government and private banks to further develop trust and other conditions necessary for e-banking. Social implications Studies on the adoption of electronic banking provide users of these services solutions for their needs. Government policies to support the development of e-banking are not viewed favourably by Colombians. Originality/value This study is one of the first to present empirical findings on the acceptance of e-banking in Latin America; it further presents a model that integrates the most important variables needed for an analysis of the acceptance of e-banking.
Este estudio explora las diferencias entre compradores y no compradores en la adopción de la intención de compra electrónica en Colombia. Basado en la Teoría Unificada de Aceptación y Uso de la Tecnología (UTAUT), se establece un modelo teórico que incluye cinco variables: Expectativas de Rendimiento, Expectativas de Esfuerzo, Influencia Social, Condiciones Facilitantes y Riesgo. Los resultados empíricos obtenidos de una muestra final de 1.836 encuestas, resaltan la alta importancia de las Expectativas de Rendimiento que puede dar este canal comercial para ambos grupos, así mismo la Influencia Social es otro factor determinante de la compra electrónica. Así mismo, se realizó un estudio exploratorio del efecto moderador del nivel de estudios y nivel socioeconómico para cada grupo, encontrándose fuertes indicios de influencia de estas variables demográficas, lo cual permite suponer como conclusión de gran aporte para este país, que el acceso a la compra electrónica esta relacionada fuertemente con el estatus social.
The IEC 61850 standard provides methods of developing best engineering practices for substation protection, integration, control, monitoring, metering, and testing. Comisi6n Federal de Electricidad (CFE) chose to build their newest integrated transmission protection and control network with IEC 61850 and evaluated the technology for possible future inclusion into their design standards.The primary IEDs chosen for protection were selected from the devices that have been approved by the customer and that also support IEC 61850. For the La Venta II project, the primary focus was to include IEC 61850 devices from as many vendors as possible rather than using traditional design criteria. In addition to the primary protection and control equipment, the customer invited all vendors to submit IEDs to be connected to the network to demonstrate their ability to communicate IEC 61850. Additional IEDs were added in an auxiliary bay because the design constraints required that the core of the network be useful and effective; it is not a demonstration control system but a pilot project to gain experience with the new standard.This system integrated 24 devices from 9 different product platforms provided by 6 different vendors. The implementation was completed in four months and included newly released products from some vendors, involved staging device communications over the Internet, and relied on contributions from engineers in seven time zones.
En las compras a través de Internet, la confianza de los consumidores juega un papel fundamental, debido a que la tasa de conversión de los usuarios está directamente relacionada a ella. En esta investigación se pudo validar que los factores más influyentes en la confianza de los consumidores del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia), hacia las compras en línea, son la reputación del vendedor, el riesgo percibido, la privacidad de los datos, la seguridad en la transacción y la asociación. De esta manera, se busca contribuir a la generación de ventajas competitivas para las empresas presentes en el mercado antioqueño que utilizan el comercio electrónico como una fuente de ingresos.
Gran parte de las decisiones de compra tienen asociado un nivel de riesgo procedente del ambiente incierto al que se enfrenta el comprador, así como de las posibles consecuencias negativas que puedan producirse. A través de un estudio empírico, y mediante un análisis de regresión de variables latentes por medio de la técnica de optimización de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (PLS), se propone un modelo que represente las relaciones entre la orientación del cliente, la influencia social, la reputación, la privacidad y cómo estas afectan el riesgo percibido; esto con el fin de permitir a las empresas elaborar estrategias más efectivas para atenuar esta barrera y con ello, el aumento de las compras por canales de comercio electrónico.
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