Since the late 1990s the potential of the digital world for generating new ways of engaging with heritage, broadly defined, has been a key focus of academic work and cultural practice. At times, the emphasis has been on how the internet can provide a "shop window" for the sector, and how this might be translated into physical visits to sites. Elsewhere, scholars have argued that the digital sphere can provide a dynamic space for two-way engagement with heritage culture, aimed at providing a complementary experience to physical visits through a range of phenomena (e.g. user-generated content, online communities, crowdsourcing projects). Questions have also been raised about how to measure the value of this activity and what we mean by value in this context. We bring together literature on digital engagement, interactivity and participation within heritage, case studies of current practice, and a survey of heritage professionals to focus on six key areas:1. Financial resources 2. Relative value of the digital experience 3. The location of culture value 4. Cultural value and time 5. Enhanced value through participation 6. Cultural value, space, and place

Contemporary wound care in the UK has developed into two distinct complex wound care management spheres. The acute wound characterised by the contemporary, aggressive management of major trauma, and chronic wound care where there is widespread use of the term 'advanced' although, arguably its methods remain largely traditional [1]. Chronic wound care in the UK has now few connections with the more specialised systems that have developed for less prevalent burns and also for dermatological conditions [2,3]. Most management of people with complex wounds in the UK occurs in the community rather than in hospital with referral to a disparate range of health professionals including tissue viability nurses, vascular surgeons, podiatrists, physiotherapists, dermatologists, and occupational therapists. The bulk of the work is subsumed in community nursing.The historical literature on wound care has tended to concentrate on hospital-based, acute clinical activity, even though wound care decision-making, prevention and treatment are often the preserve of nursing and of patients themselves in the domestic rather than, or in addition to, the clinical sphere. While there has been much research examining the historical context of acute surgical wounds and injuries sustained on the battlefield [4], or 'wounding' as a predominantly socio-cultural process before the modern period [5], the case of chronic wounds has yet to be investigated.In 1962 George Winter published his observation that wounds in young pigs healed more quickly if covered rather than being left open to the air [6]. This has been widely seen as the starting point for 'advanced wound care' because it established the idea that a wound dressing could influence outcomes. It was followed by the introduction of occlusive and semi-occlusive dressings and various branded products such as Opsite from the 1980s. Wound care is now a multi-billion pound industry, yet there is a lack of recognition that products themselves are only a part of the story. As in other areas of healthcare, such as minimally-invasive surgery [7] and joint replacement [8], the development of innovation in this field can be seen as a multifaceted, uneven and contested process, not the simple invention and introduction of 'advanced' products and services.Drawing on historical, sociological and health sciences research and recordings of a series of Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) funded cross disciplinary workshops connecting academics from a wide range of disciplines with service users, professionals and carers [9], this paper explores advanced wound care in the UK as a specific exemplar with wider resonance for understanding the particular climates in which clinical judgement and innovation adoption take place. It argues that with the historical shift from dry to moist wound healing came a narrow product focus in wound care which is intimately connected with the history of the professional development of AbstractGeorge Winter's 1962 paper in Nature reported his observation that wounds in ...

The development of germ theories of disease was reliant on the exchange of representations and descriptions of microorganisms. Visual properties were critical in establishing a shared understanding of agents of disease and their causal role. However, historians have yet to explore in detail the representation of microorganisms aimed at audiences beyond specialists. The public visual culture of germs offers a new window through which to understand health campaigns, their motivations, and intended audiences. We argue that still and moving images of germs made visible social anxieties surrounding health, race, class, and national security in ways not yet recognised.

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