The performance by groups of male and fern ale homosexuals and heterosexuals on three tests of spatial ability was studied. The groups were closely matched in terms of age, education, and vocational interests. Male homosexuals performed more poorly than male heterosexuals on a version ofthe water jar test and on the Mental Rotation Test, but the groups did not difTer on measures of geographical knowledge or verbal ability. Female homosexuals and heterosexuals attained similar scores on all cognitive variables except the water jar test; on this task, the homosexual females performed more poorly than the heterosexual females. The influence of sexual orientation on visuospatial tasks could not be explained on the basis of self-reports of masculinity and femininity, or on the basis of experience with activities thought to foster the developme nt of spatial skills. Such factors, however, acting in concert with biological influences that are not yet known, may have parallel efTects on the development of sexual orientation and visuospati al ability.

Direct care and supervisory staff in five residential training programs for persons with mental retardation in North Dakota rated the acceptability of six staff management procedures. Overall, staff rated "Instructions", "Instructions and Modeling", "Feedback and Praise", and "Instructions, Feedback, and Praise", as significantly more acceptable than "Self-Management" and "Self-Management, Feedback and Praise". There was a significant group by treatment interaction in which supervisors and direct care staff had significantly different acceptability ratings for four of the six procedures. The results were further analyzed by group and implications and future research are discussed.

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