In the past few years, the process of lifelong learning has become more important. A tour of an educational exhibition is an interesting and attractive activity for a person receiving an education. A museum, art gallery, zoological or botanical garden or even a technological park can all be perceived as an educational exhibition. If we want the exhibition tour to provide an educational benefit to the visitor, we need to offer him adequate information about individual exhibits. The exhibition has to be personalized, that is, tailored for the various kinds of visitors. This paper deals with the issue of categorizing museum visitors using ICT, specifically an expert system which is a part of a “virtual guide”. Based on an initial analysis of a visitor, the virtual guide proposes a tour through the exhibition so that it brings the visitor the maximum educational benefit while at the same time offers information about the displayed exhibits in such a way that is most interesting and comprehensible.

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The development of information and communication technologies in recent decades has been very stormy. Modern mobile devices (smartphones, tablets) are ideal tools to use as virtual guides through educational exhibitions. They allow a personalized approach to the visitors (each visitor controls his/her own device), they can present not only text, but also sound and moving images and using wireless technology, they can communicate with a control server and can navigate through the exhibition. The paper describes the model of such a virtual guide using a fuzzy expert system. It's purpose is to replace the physical exhibition guide. Based on an initial analysis of a visitor, the virtual guide proposes a tour through the exhibition so that it brings the visitor the maximal educational benefit while at the same time offers information about the displayed exhibits in such a way that is most comprehensible. A fuzzy expert system is used for reasons of better and simpler communication with the visitor. Fuzzy logic allows handling of conceptual vagueness in the visitor's responses to the system's queries and also allows the use of fuzzy borders between different categories of visitors. The output is a tour route proposal adapted to practically any visitor. The aim of the virtual guide is to function in an environment of a real (physical) exhibition. First, however, to ensure better system diagnostics, the whole system should be tested in an environment of a virtual museum on the Internet. The testing involves not only the system's functionality, but also the educational benefits of such a guide.

Abstract:Social networks have become a phenomenon of our time and they also have a place in learning environments. Universities already use social networks and they even build their own social networks, which are often inspired by enterprise level counterparts. However, social networks are rarely used at lower level schools. Our research aims at examining Social Media in Classroom Education and deals with implementation of social media in elementary schools. The results showed that schools are interested in the use of social media in instruction but they are also aware of potential risks. Safety of pupils on social networks is one of the main reasons why schools are cautious to implement social media into instruction. We intended to propose appropriate teaching methods and organizational forms of instruction supported by social media. The possibility to use some of the proven and secure tools, such as eTwinning, has been examined. Our approach differs from the existing studies as an effort was made to develop a flexible social network matching the needs of schools and other participants. In this paper we present practical guidelines for prospective users in developing and utilizing tailor-made social network.