SUMMARY This study assessed the efficacy of synthetic anticholinergic benztropine and incidence of side‐effects in 20 developmentally‐disabled patients with severe drooling. The double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover protocol included one‐week baseline, two‐week placebo and two‐week benztropine conditions (mean dose 3·8mg). A significant decrease in drooling during the benztropine condition relative to placebo was demonstrated and conservative response rates (calculated by deleting placebo responders), ranged up to 65 to 70 per cent. For patients completing the protocol the incidence of side‐effects did not differ across conditions and minor problems such as a dry mouth were eliminated by small dose adjustments. More serious cholinergic side‐effects, which resolved within 24 to 48 hours, necessitated discontinuation of the drug in three patients. This study demonstrates that synthetic anticholinergics can provide an important therapeutic alternative to surgical and behavioral therapies for drooling. RÉSUMÉ Efficacité de la benzatropine synthétique dans le traitement du bavage Cette étude apprécie l'efficacité et l'incidence des effets secondaires d'un anticholinérgique, la benzatropine synthétique, chez vingt sujets en incapacité par retard de développement, qui bavaient beaucoup. Le protocole en double aveugle, contrôle placébo et experimentation croisée comportait une semaine de réference, deux semaines de placébo et deux semaines sous benzatropine (dose moyenne de 3·8 mg). Une diminution significative du bavage sous benzatropine par rapport au placébo fut démontrée avec taux de réponse apprécies conservativement (calculés en supprimant les réponses placébo) atteignant jusqu’à 65 ou 70 pour cent. Chez les sujets à protocole rempli, l'incidence des effets secondaires ne différait pas des conditions croisées et les problèmes mineurs comme la sécheresse de la bouche furent facilement éliminés par de faibles ajustements de dose. Des effets secondaires cholinergiques plus sérieux, disparaissant en 24 à 48 heures, nécessitèrent l'arrêt de traitement chez trois sujets. Cette étude démontre que les anticholinergiques synthétiques peuvent fournir une alternative théiapeutique au traitement chirurgical ou comportemental. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Der therapeutische Erfolg einer Behandlung mit synthetischem Benztropin beim Speichelfluβ In dieser Studie werden Wirkung und Nebenwirkungen des synthetischen, anticholinergisch wirkenden Benztropin bei 20 behinderten Patienten mit starkem Speichelfluß untersucht. Die Doppelblind‐, Placebo kontrollierte‐, Wechselstudie beinhaltete eine Woche ohne Therapie, zwei Wochen Placebo und zwei Wochen Benztropin (mittlere Dosis 3 · 8mg). Während der Benztropintherapie ließ der Speichelfluß im Vergleich zur Placebobehandlung signifikant nach und der Therapieerfolg lag bei 65 bis 70 Prozent (nachdem die Placebo Responder eliminiert worden waren). Bei den Patienten, die die Studie beendeten, unterschied sich die Häufigkeit von Nebenwirkungen bei den unterschiedlichen Bedingungen nicht und geringe...
Cognitive effects of the novel glycine prodrug milacemide (400 mg), the catecholaminergic agonist methylphenidate (20 mg), and placebo were evaluated in 48 healthy young adults. Throughout a 6-h drug treatment day, subjects repeatedly performed tests of target-detection vigilance, immediate and delayed verbal free recall, and Buschke Selective Reminding; total free recall and forced-choice recognition tests were administered at the end of the day. Significant improvement in both vigilance reaction time and Selective Reminding Sum Recall was observed in the methylphenidate group. Contrary to expectations, the milacemide group evidenced significant declines in both vigilance perceptual sensitivity and free-recall difference scores (delayed-immediate). Vigilance reaction times significantly decreased over repeat testing in all groups, but only the methylphenidate group differed from placebo. The reaction-time functions for milacemide and placebo were similar, suggesting arousal was not diminished under milacemide and could not account for the cognitive decrements. No significant drug effects obtained for total free recall or recognition performance. Although the glycine prodrug milacemide was ineffective as a cognitive enhancer, the involvement of the NMDA receptor in memory function reported in the literature supports continued exploration of other approaches for manipulating NMDA receptor activity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.